Author:
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World Health Organization , 2020. Blood Safety and Availability. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blood-safety-and-availability. Accessed October 28, 2021.
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 13468 | 948 | 42 |
| Full Text Views | 283 | 12 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 96 | 11 | 2 |
Transfusion Transmitted Infections: A Present-Day Danger for Pakistan
Syed Owais Javed
Syed Owais Javed
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan;
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Aqsa Saleem
Aqsa Saleem
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan;
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Abdul Moiz Sahito
Abdul Moiz Sahito
Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan;
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Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh;
Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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ABSTRACT.
Over 1.5 million units of blood are collected in Pakistan each year, with around 65% of this donation coming from replacement donors—relatives or close friends of the affected who willingly donate blood to support the patient. Although blood transfusion is a life-saving therapy, it also involves the danger of spreading blood-borne illnesses if not appropriately screened. It has been extensively discussed that the precise number of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) in the Pakistani population is still unclear, and the estimates reported by the Sindh Blood Transfusion Authority may be a major underestimation because of the country’s lack of inexpensive and effective screening tests. Regular blood transfusions are the mainstay of treatment of patients with blood diseases such as thalassemia and anemia. They are also commonly used to handle acute injuries, surgery, bleeding, and birthing difficulties. However, the risk of getting a TTI results in an increased hesitancy among blood transfusion recipients. Hence, to reduce the occurrence of TTIs, effective and vigorous measures must be implemented.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Syed Owais Javed, Aqsa Saleem, and Abdul Moiz Sahito, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan, E-mails: syedowaisjaved97@gmail.com, aqsa.salim97@gmail.com, and sahitomoiz@gmail.com. Mohammad Mehedi Hasan, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh, and Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Dhaka, Bangladesh, E-mail: mehedi.bmb.mbstu@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
World Health Organization , 2020. Blood Safety and Availability. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blood-safety-and-availability. Accessed October 28, 2021.
-
2.
World Health Organization , 2013. Blood Donation Screening of Transfusion Transmissible Infections. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: https://www.who.int/bloodsafety/transfusion_services/country-strategy_blood-donation-TTIs-screening_pakistan.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2021.
-
3.
DAWN.COM , 2021. 1,282 Found Infected with HIV Before Blood Donation in Karachi. Available at: https://www.dawn.com/news/1650866/1282-found-infected-with-hiv-before-blood-donation-in-karachi. Accessed December 2, 2021.
-
4.
Arshad A , Borhany M , Anwar N , Naseer I , Ansari R , Boota S , Fatima N , Zaidi M , Shamsi T , 2016. Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections in blood donors of Pakistan. BMC Hematol 16: 27.
-
5.
Butt AS , Sharif F , 2016. Viral hepatitis in Pakistan: past, present, and future. Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 6: 70.
-
6.
The World Bank , 2012. HIV/AIDS in Pakistan. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/07/10/hiv-aids-pakistan. Accessed December 16, 2021.
-
7.
Saba N , Nasir JA , Waheed U , Aslam S , Mohammad I , Wazeer A , Ahmed S , Nisar M , 2021. Seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections among voluntary and replacement blood donors at the Peshawar Regional Blood Centre, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. J Lab Physicians 13: 162–168.
-
8.
Rauf R , Cheema A , 2019. Potential risk of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in district Faisalabad of Pakistan. Clin Med (Lond) 19 (Suppl 3): 27.
-
9.
Waheed U , Khan H , Satti HS , Ansari MA , Arshad M , Zaheer HA , 2012. Prevalence of transfusion-transmitted infections among blood donors of a teaching hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. Ann Pakistan Inst Med Sci 8: 236–239.
-
10.
Ahmad M , Saeed M , Hanif A , Waheed U , Arshad M , Ain NU , Rasheed F , Hussain S , 2019. Slump of trends in transfusion-transmissible infectious diseases: is syphilis alarming in Pakistan? Glob J Transfus Med 4: 45–51.
-
11.
Ehsan H et al.2020. A systematic review of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors and associated safety challenges in Pakistan. J Blood Med 11: 405.
-
12.
Rabold EM , Ali H , Fernandez D , Knuth M , Schenkel K , Asghar RJ , Baig MA , Shaikh S , Morgan O , 2021. Systematic review of reported HIV outbreaks, Pakistan, 2000–2019. Emerg Infect Dis 27: 1040–1047.
-
13.
Hanif M , Khalid S , Rasul A , Mahmood K , 2021. Maternal mortality in rural areas of Pakistan: challenges and prospects. Rural Heal 27: 1040--1047.
-
14.
Hyder AA , Razzak JA , 2013. The challenges of injuries and trauma in Pakistan: an opportunity for concerted action. Public Health 127: 699.
-
15.
World Health Organization , 2021. Model List of Essential Medicines. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/345533/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2021.02-eng.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2021.
-
16.
Yousaf A , Khan FMA , Hasan MM , Ullah I , Bardhan M , 2021. Dengue, measles, and COVID-19: a threefold challenge to public health security in Pakistan. Ethics Med Public Health 19: 100704.
-
17.
Ghazi BK et al., 2021. Rampant increase in cases of mucormycosis in India and Pakistan: a serious cause for concern during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Trop Med Hyg 105: 1144–1147.
-
18.
Asri S , Akram MR , Hasan MM , Khan FMS , Hashmi N , Wajid F , Ullah I , 2021. The risk of cutaneous mucormycosis associated with COVID-19: a perspective from Pakistan. Int J Health Plann Manage 2021: 3311.
-
19.
World Health Organization EMRO , 2019. Blood Safety | Programmes | Pakistan. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: http://www.emro.who.int/pak/programmes/blood-safety.html. Accessed December 2, 2021.
-
20.
Scott JD , Gretch DR , 2007. Molecular diagnostics of hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review. JAMA 297: 724–732.
-
21.
World Health Organization , 2004. Global Collaboration for Blood Safe. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: https://www.who.int/bloodsafety/GCBS_Report_NOV_2004.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2021.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 13468 | 948 | 42 |
| Full Text Views | 283 | 12 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 96 | 11 | 2 |