ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Rahmati Balaghaleh M, Zarean M, Afzal Aghaee M, Shamsian SA, Mirahmadi H, Arya A , 2018. Comparison of PfHRP-2/pLDH RDTs with light microscopy in a low prevalence setting in southeastern Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan. Due to Implementation of Malaria Elimination Program Int J Infect 5: e12286.
-
2.
World Health Organization , 2020. World Malaria Report 2020, 20 Years of Global Progress & Challenges. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
3.
Han E-T, Watanabe R, Sattabongkot J, Khuntirat B, Sirichaisinthop J, Iriko H, Jin L, Takeo S, Tsuboi T , 2007. Detection of four Plasmodium species by genus-and species-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification for clinical diagnosis. J Clin Microbiol 45: 2521–2528.
-
4.
Cook J, Aydin-Schmidt B, González IJ, Bell D, Edlund E, Nassor MH, Msellem M, Ali A, Abass AK, Mårtensson A , 2015. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for point-of-care detection of asymptomatic low-density malaria parasite carriers in Zanzibar. Malar J 14: 43.
-
5.
Mirahmadi H, Shahrakipour A, Mehravaran A, Khorashad AS, Rahmati-Balaghaleh M, Zarean M , 2018. Evaluation of malaria multiplex/nested PCR performance at low parasite densities and mixed infection in Iran: a country close to malaria elimination. Infect Genet Evol 65: 283–287.
-
6.
Maghsoodloorad S, Hosseinzadeh N, Haghighi A, Solgi R, Yusuf MA, Hatam G , 2019. Amino acid mutation in Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) genes in Hormozgan Province, southern Iran. J Vector Borne Dis 56: 170–173.
-
7.
Kimura M, Kaneko O, Liu Q, Zhou M, Kawamoto F, Wataya Y, Otani S, Yamaguchi Y, Tanabe K , 1997. Identification of the four species of human malaria parasites by nested PCR that targets variant sequences in the small subunit rRNA gene. Parasitol Int 46: 91–95.
-
8.
Perandin F, Manca N, Calderaro A, Piccolo G, Galati L, Ricci L, Medici M, Arcangeletti M, Snounou G, Dettori G , 2004. Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale for routine clinical diagnosis. J Clin Microbiol 42: 1214–1219.
-
9.
Notomi T, Okayama H, Masubuchi H, Yonekawa T, Watanabe K, Amino N, Hase T , 2000. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 28: e63–e63.
-
10.
Taghdiri A, Nejad Almani PG, Sharifi I, Mohammadi MA, Salari S , 2019. Detection of malaria with light microscopy and nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) methods in peripheral blood expansions and investigation of the genetic diversity of Plasmodium species by 18S rRNA gene in southeast of Iran. Microb Pathogen 137: 103782.
-
11.
Pöschl B, Waneesorn J, Thekisoe O, Chutipongvivate S, Panagiotis K , 2010. Comparative diagnosis of malaria infections by microscopy, nested PCR, and LAMP in northern Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 56–60.
-
12.
Perera RS, Ding XC, Tully F, Oliver J, Bright N, Bell D, Chiodini PL, Gonzalez IJ, Polley SD , 2017. Development and clinical performance of high throughput loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of malaria. PLoS One 12: e0171126.
-
13.
Hopkins H, González IJ, Polley SD, Angutoko P, Ategeka J, Asiimwe C, Agaba B, Kyabayinze DJ, Sutherland CJ, Perkins MD , 2013. Highly sensitive detection of malaria parasitemia in a malaria-endemic setting: performance of a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification kit in a remote clinic in Uganda. J Infect Dis 208: 645–652.
-
14.
Tegegne B, Getie S, Lemma W, Mohon AN, Pillai DR , 2017. Performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the diagnosis of malaria among malaria suspected pregnant women in northwest Ethiopia. Malar J 16: 34.
-
15.
Kuamsab N, Putaporntip C, Pattanawong U, Jongwutiwes S , 2012. Simultaneous detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in clinical isolates by multiplex-nested RT-PCR. Malar J 11: 190.
-
16.
WHO Global Malaria Programme , 2013. World Malaria Report. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
17.
Sema M, Alemu A, Bayih AG, Getie S, Getnet G, Guelig D, Burton R, LaBarre P, Pillai DR , 2015. Evaluation of non-instrumented nucleic acid amplification by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (NINA-LAMP) for the diagnosis of malaria in northwest Ethiopia. Malar J 14: 44.
-
18.
Patel JC, Lucchi NW, Srivastava P, Lin JT, Sug-Aram R, Aruncharus S, Bharti PK, Shukla MM, Congpuong K, Satimai W , 2014. Field evaluation of a real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay, RealAmp, for the diagnosis of malaria in Thailand and India. J Infect Dis 210: 1180–1187.
-
19.
Moody A , 2002. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria parasites. Clin Microbiol Rev 15: 66–78.
-
20.
Tao Z-Y, Zhou H-Y, Xia H, Xu S, Zhu H-W, Culleton RL, Han E-T, Lu F, Fang Q, Gu Y-P , 2011. Adaptation of a visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique for field detection of Plasmodium vivax infection. Parasit Vectors 4: 115.
-
21.
Sattabongkot J, Tsuboi T, Han ET, Bantuchai S, Buates S , 2014. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid diagnosis of malaria infections in an area of endemicity in Thailand. J Clin Microbiol 52: 1471–1477.
-
22.
Paris DH, Imwong M, Faiz AM, Hasan M, Yunus EB, Silamut K, Lee SJ, Day NP, Dondorp AM , 2007. Loop-mediated isothermal PCR (LAMP) for the diagnosis of falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 972–976.
-
23.
Ocker R, Prompunjai Y, Chutipongvivate S, Karanis P , 2016. Malaria diagnosis by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in Thailand. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 58: 27.
-
24.
Sirichaisinthop J, Buates S, Watanabe R, Han E-T, Suktawonjaroenpon W, Krasaesub S, Takeo S, Tsuboi T, Sattabongkot J , 2011. Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for malaria diagnosis in a field setting. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 594–596.
-
25.
Al-Soud WA, Jönsson LJ, Rådström P , 2000. Identification and characterization of immunoglobulin G in blood as a major inhibitor of diagnostic PCR. J Clin Microbiol 38: 345–350.
-
26.
Ebrahimzadeh A, Fouladi B, Fazaeli A , 2007. High rate of detection of mixed infections of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum in south-east of Iran, using nested PCR. Parasitol Int 56: 61–64.
-
27.
Andrews L, Andersen RF, Webster D, Dunachie S, Walther RM, Bejon P, Hunt-Cooke A, Bergson G, Sanderson F, Hill AV , 2005. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for malaria diagnosis and its use in malaria vaccine clinical trials. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73: 191–198.
-
28.
Mekonnen SK, Aseffa A, Medhin G, Berhe N, Velavan TP , 2014. Re-evaluation of microscopy confirmed Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria by nested PCR detection in southern Ethiopia. Malar J 13: 48.
-
29.
Coleman RE, Sattabongkot J, Promstaporm S, Maneechai N, Tippayachai B, Kengluecha A, Rachapaew N, Zollner G, Miller RS, Vaughan JA , 2006. Comparison of PCR and microscopy for the detection of asymptomatic malaria in a Plasmodium falciparum/vivax endemic area in Thailand. Malar J 5: 737–748.
-
30.
Jamjoom MB , 2006. Detection of malaria in Saudi Arabia by real-time PCR. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 36.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2694 | 745 | 60 |
| Full Text Views | 116 | 21 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 92 | 14 | 0 |
Evaluation of Multiplex/Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Malaria Diagnosis in Southeastern Iran
Hadi Mirahmadi
Hadi Mirahmadi
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Azam Shahrakipour
Azam Shahrakipour
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Ahmad Mehravaran
Ahmad Mehravaran
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Mansour Rahmati-Balaghaleh
Mansour Rahmati-Balaghaleh
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Mehdi Zarean
Mehdi Zarean
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;
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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;
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Soodabeh Etemadi
Soodabeh Etemadi
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Mehdi Shahraki
Mehdi Shahraki
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran;
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Rahmat Solgi
Rahmat Solgi
Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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ABSTRACT.
Malaria is one of the most serious health problems in many countries, including Iran. Accurate diagnosis is important regardless of the elimination status of a country. A cross-sectional study was performed on 105 people who were suspected to be positive for malaria infection in Sistan and Baluchistan, Iran. Blood smears (thin and thick films) were stained with 10% Giemsa. DNA was extracted from the prepared thin and thick films for molecular methods. Multiplex/nested polymerase chain reaction (mn-PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and light microscopy (LM) were compared with nested PCR (nPCR) as a gold standard. Of 105 subjects, 52 (49.5%), 58 (55.2%), 58 (55.2%), and 63 (60%) were positive for malaria by LM, nPCR, mn-PCR, and LAMP, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and kappa were 92.1%, 100%, and 0.9 for LAMP and 100%, 100%, and 1 for mn-PCR, respectively. Eight cases of coinfection (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum) that were not detected by LM method were diagnosed by mn-PCR and LAMP. In the present study, the high sensitivity and specificity of LAMP and mn-PCR indicate that these two tests are good alternatives to nPCR for malaria diagnosis
- Supplemental Materials (PDF 248 KB)
Author Notes
Financial support: This study supported by the grant no. 7700, provided from Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Disclosure: All procedures in this investigation were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (IR.Zaums.fm.REC.1395.17). Oral consent was obtained from the participants before sampling.
Authors’ addresses: Hadi Mirahmadi, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran, E-mail: trajaiii81@yahoo.com. Azam Shahrakipour, Ahmad Mehravaran, Mansour Rahmati-Balaghaleh, Soodabeh Etemadi, and Mehdi Shahraki, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran, E-mails: namamianfarshid@yahoo.com, s.jstbiology@yahoo.com, rahnamamahsa783@yahoo.com, sshafaii@yahoo.com, asgariq@yahoo.com. Mehdi Zarean, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Parasitology and mycology, Mashhad, Iran, E-mail: mo.di75@yahoo.com. Rahmat Solgi, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Medical Microbiology, Birjand, Iran, E-mail: rahmatsolgi@yahoo.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Rahmati Balaghaleh M, Zarean M, Afzal Aghaee M, Shamsian SA, Mirahmadi H, Arya A , 2018. Comparison of PfHRP-2/pLDH RDTs with light microscopy in a low prevalence setting in southeastern Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan. Due to Implementation of Malaria Elimination Program Int J Infect 5: e12286.
-
2.
World Health Organization , 2020. World Malaria Report 2020, 20 Years of Global Progress & Challenges. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
3.
Han E-T, Watanabe R, Sattabongkot J, Khuntirat B, Sirichaisinthop J, Iriko H, Jin L, Takeo S, Tsuboi T , 2007. Detection of four Plasmodium species by genus-and species-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification for clinical diagnosis. J Clin Microbiol 45: 2521–2528.
-
4.
Cook J, Aydin-Schmidt B, González IJ, Bell D, Edlund E, Nassor MH, Msellem M, Ali A, Abass AK, Mårtensson A , 2015. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for point-of-care detection of asymptomatic low-density malaria parasite carriers in Zanzibar. Malar J 14: 43.
-
5.
Mirahmadi H, Shahrakipour A, Mehravaran A, Khorashad AS, Rahmati-Balaghaleh M, Zarean M , 2018. Evaluation of malaria multiplex/nested PCR performance at low parasite densities and mixed infection in Iran: a country close to malaria elimination. Infect Genet Evol 65: 283–287.
-
6.
Maghsoodloorad S, Hosseinzadeh N, Haghighi A, Solgi R, Yusuf MA, Hatam G , 2019. Amino acid mutation in Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) genes in Hormozgan Province, southern Iran. J Vector Borne Dis 56: 170–173.
-
7.
Kimura M, Kaneko O, Liu Q, Zhou M, Kawamoto F, Wataya Y, Otani S, Yamaguchi Y, Tanabe K , 1997. Identification of the four species of human malaria parasites by nested PCR that targets variant sequences in the small subunit rRNA gene. Parasitol Int 46: 91–95.
-
8.
Perandin F, Manca N, Calderaro A, Piccolo G, Galati L, Ricci L, Medici M, Arcangeletti M, Snounou G, Dettori G , 2004. Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium ovale for routine clinical diagnosis. J Clin Microbiol 42: 1214–1219.
-
9.
Notomi T, Okayama H, Masubuchi H, Yonekawa T, Watanabe K, Amino N, Hase T , 2000. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 28: e63–e63.
-
10.
Taghdiri A, Nejad Almani PG, Sharifi I, Mohammadi MA, Salari S , 2019. Detection of malaria with light microscopy and nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) methods in peripheral blood expansions and investigation of the genetic diversity of Plasmodium species by 18S rRNA gene in southeast of Iran. Microb Pathogen 137: 103782.
-
11.
Pöschl B, Waneesorn J, Thekisoe O, Chutipongvivate S, Panagiotis K , 2010. Comparative diagnosis of malaria infections by microscopy, nested PCR, and LAMP in northern Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 56–60.
-
12.
Perera RS, Ding XC, Tully F, Oliver J, Bright N, Bell D, Chiodini PL, Gonzalez IJ, Polley SD , 2017. Development and clinical performance of high throughput loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of malaria. PLoS One 12: e0171126.
-
13.
Hopkins H, González IJ, Polley SD, Angutoko P, Ategeka J, Asiimwe C, Agaba B, Kyabayinze DJ, Sutherland CJ, Perkins MD , 2013. Highly sensitive detection of malaria parasitemia in a malaria-endemic setting: performance of a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification kit in a remote clinic in Uganda. J Infect Dis 208: 645–652.
-
14.
Tegegne B, Getie S, Lemma W, Mohon AN, Pillai DR , 2017. Performance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the diagnosis of malaria among malaria suspected pregnant women in northwest Ethiopia. Malar J 16: 34.
-
15.
Kuamsab N, Putaporntip C, Pattanawong U, Jongwutiwes S , 2012. Simultaneous detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in clinical isolates by multiplex-nested RT-PCR. Malar J 11: 190.
-
16.
WHO Global Malaria Programme , 2013. World Malaria Report. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
17.
Sema M, Alemu A, Bayih AG, Getie S, Getnet G, Guelig D, Burton R, LaBarre P, Pillai DR , 2015. Evaluation of non-instrumented nucleic acid amplification by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (NINA-LAMP) for the diagnosis of malaria in northwest Ethiopia. Malar J 14: 44.
-
18.
Patel JC, Lucchi NW, Srivastava P, Lin JT, Sug-Aram R, Aruncharus S, Bharti PK, Shukla MM, Congpuong K, Satimai W , 2014. Field evaluation of a real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay, RealAmp, for the diagnosis of malaria in Thailand and India. J Infect Dis 210: 1180–1187.
-
19.
Moody A , 2002. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria parasites. Clin Microbiol Rev 15: 66–78.
-
20.
Tao Z-Y, Zhou H-Y, Xia H, Xu S, Zhu H-W, Culleton RL, Han E-T, Lu F, Fang Q, Gu Y-P , 2011. Adaptation of a visualized loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique for field detection of Plasmodium vivax infection. Parasit Vectors 4: 115.
-
21.
Sattabongkot J, Tsuboi T, Han ET, Bantuchai S, Buates S , 2014. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid diagnosis of malaria infections in an area of endemicity in Thailand. J Clin Microbiol 52: 1471–1477.
-
22.
Paris DH, Imwong M, Faiz AM, Hasan M, Yunus EB, Silamut K, Lee SJ, Day NP, Dondorp AM , 2007. Loop-mediated isothermal PCR (LAMP) for the diagnosis of falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 972–976.
-
23.
Ocker R, Prompunjai Y, Chutipongvivate S, Karanis P , 2016. Malaria diagnosis by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in Thailand. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 58: 27.
-
24.
Sirichaisinthop J, Buates S, Watanabe R, Han E-T, Suktawonjaroenpon W, Krasaesub S, Takeo S, Tsuboi T, Sattabongkot J , 2011. Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for malaria diagnosis in a field setting. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 594–596.
-
25.
Al-Soud WA, Jönsson LJ, Rådström P , 2000. Identification and characterization of immunoglobulin G in blood as a major inhibitor of diagnostic PCR. J Clin Microbiol 38: 345–350.
-
26.
Ebrahimzadeh A, Fouladi B, Fazaeli A , 2007. High rate of detection of mixed infections of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum in south-east of Iran, using nested PCR. Parasitol Int 56: 61–64.
-
27.
Andrews L, Andersen RF, Webster D, Dunachie S, Walther RM, Bejon P, Hunt-Cooke A, Bergson G, Sanderson F, Hill AV , 2005. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for malaria diagnosis and its use in malaria vaccine clinical trials. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73: 191–198.
-
28.
Mekonnen SK, Aseffa A, Medhin G, Berhe N, Velavan TP , 2014. Re-evaluation of microscopy confirmed Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria by nested PCR detection in southern Ethiopia. Malar J 13: 48.
-
29.
Coleman RE, Sattabongkot J, Promstaporm S, Maneechai N, Tippayachai B, Kengluecha A, Rachapaew N, Zollner G, Miller RS, Vaughan JA , 2006. Comparison of PCR and microscopy for the detection of asymptomatic malaria in a Plasmodium falciparum/vivax endemic area in Thailand. Malar J 5: 737–748.
-
30.
Jamjoom MB , 2006. Detection of malaria in Saudi Arabia by real-time PCR. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 36.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2694 | 745 | 60 |
| Full Text Views | 116 | 21 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 92 | 14 | 0 |