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-
1.
Bertoli A , Greco AV , Caputo S , Caradonna P , Grieco A , Laghi V , 1982. Visceral leishmaniasis presenting with hypertrigliceridaemia. Lancet 320: 504–505.
-
2.
Bekaert ED , Dole E , Dubois DY , Bouma M-E , Lontie J-F , Kallel R , Malmendier CL , Ayrault‐Jarrier M , 1992. Alterations in lipoprotein density classes in infantile visceral leishmaniasis: presence of apolipoprotein SAA. Eur J Clin Invest 3: 190–199.
-
3.
Mohapatra S , Ramakrishan L , Samantaray J , Dash S , 2014. Lipid derangement as diagnostic and prognostic indicator for visceral leishmaniasis patients. Trop Parasitol 4: 134–135.
-
4.
Lal CS et al.2016. Hypertriglyceridemia: a possible diagnostic marker of disease severity in visceral leishmaniasis. Infection 44: 39–45.
-
5.
Ghosh J , Das S , Guha R , Ghosh D , Naskar K , Das A , Roy S , 2012. Hyperlipidemia offers protection against Leishmania donovani infection: role of membrane cholesterol. J Lipid Res 53: 2560–2572.
-
6.
Liberopoulos E , Alexandridis G , Bairaktari E , Elisaf M , 2002. Severe hypocholesterolemia with reduced serum lipoprotein(a) in a patient with visceral leishmaniasis. Ann Clin Lab Sci 32: 305–308.
-
7.
Coura-Vital W , de Araújo VEM , Reis IA , Amancio FF , Reis AB , Carneiro M , 2014. Prognostic factors and scoring system for death from visceral leishmaniasis: an historical cohort study in Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e3374.
-
8.
Kämink SS , Collin SM , Harrison T , Gatluak F , Mullahzada AW , Ritmeijer K , 2017. A clinical severity scoring system for visceral leishmaniasis in immunocompetent patients in south Sudan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e0005921.
-
9.
De Queiroz Sampaio MJA , Cavalcanti NV , Alves JGB , Filho MJCF , Correia JB , 2010. Risk factors for death in children with visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e877.
-
10.
Araki MVR , Barros C , Santos EG , 2011. Análise do perfil lipídico de crianças e adolescentes do estado de Sergipe. Sci Plena 6: 12b.
-
11.
Leao SC , Carvalho TS , Galvão MP , Silva RV , Rocha MF , Queiroz AAF , Almeida RO , Araujo RR , Souto MJS , de Andrade Rodrigues TM , 2016. A decade of lipid profiles: a gender focus. Hear Res - Open J 3: 9–15.
-
12.
Malmendier CL , Lontie JF , Dubois DY , 1991. Mechanisms of hypocholesterolemia. Adv Exp Med Biol 285: 173–182.
-
13.
Auerbach BJ , Parks JS , 1989. Lipoprotein abnormalities associated with lipopolysaccharide-induced lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase and lipase deficiency. J Biol Chem 264: 10264–10270.
-
14.
Lal CS , Kumar A , Kumar S , Pandey K , Kumar N , Bimal S , Sinha PK , Das P , 2007. Hypocholesterolemia and increased triglyceride in pediatric visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Chim Acta 382: 151–153.
-
15.
Feingold KR , Memon RA , Moser AH , Shigenaga JK , Grunfeld C , 1999. Endotoxin and interleukin-1 decrease hepatic lipase mRNA levels. Atherosclerosis 142: 379–387.
-
16.
Patton JS , Shepard HM , Wilking H , Lewis G , Aggarwal BB , Eessalu TE , Gavin LA , Grunfeld C , 1986. Interferons and tumor necrosis factors have similar catabolic effects on 3T3 L1 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 8313–8317.
-
17.
Liberopoulos EN , Apostolou F , Gazi IF , Kostara C , Bairaktari ET , Tselepis AD , Elisaf M , 2014. Visceral leishmaniasis is associated with marked changes in serum lipid profile. Eur J Clin Invest 44: 719–727.
-
18.
Wang G et al.2020. Low high-density lipoprotein level is correlated with the severity of COVID-19 patients: an observational study. Lipids Health Dis 19: 204.
-
19.
Zhou Y , Chi J , Lv W , Wang Y , 2021. Obesity and diabetes as high-risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Diabetes Metab Res Rev 37: e3377.
-
20.
Luzi L , Radaelli MG , 2020. Influenza and obesity: its odd relationship and the lessons for COVID-19 pandemic. Acta Diabetol 57: 759–764.
-
21.
Lago AS et al., 2020. Diabetes modifies the clinic presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Open Forum Infect Dis 7: ofaa491.
-
22.
Schwetz V et al.2018. Visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with diabetes mellitus type 2 and discrete bicytopenia. Clin Case Rep 6: 78–81.
-
23.
Sarnáglia GD , Covre LP , Pereira FEL , De Matos Guedes HL , Faria AMC , Dietze R , Rodrigues RR , Maioli TU , Gomes DCO , 2016. Diet-induced obesity promotes systemic inflammation and increased susceptibility to murine visceral leishmaniasis. Parasitology 143: 1647–1655.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 4486 | 1823 | 594 |
| Full Text Views | 207 | 113 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 99 | 16 | 0 |
Association between Hypertriglyceridemia and Disease Severity in Visceral Leishmaniasis
Mariana Garcez Varela
Mariana Garcez Varela
Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
Endocrinology Service from the University Hospital/EBSERH, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil;
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Endocrinology Service from the University Hospital/EBSERH, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil;
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Mariana de Oliveira Bezerra
Mariana de Oliveira Bezerra
Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Felipe Vieira Santana
Felipe Vieira Santana
Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Marcos Couto Gomes
Marcos Couto Gomes
Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Pedro Ribeiro de Jesus Almeida
Pedro Ribeiro de Jesus Almeida
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil;
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Geydson Silveira da Cruz
Geydson Silveira da Cruz
Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil;
Hematology Service, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Hematology Service, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Enaldo Vieira de Melo
Enaldo Vieira de Melo
Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Paulo Roberto de Oliveira Costa
Paulo Roberto de Oliveira Costa
Infectious Disease Clinic, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Fabrícia Alvisi de Oliveira
Fabrícia Alvisi de Oliveira
Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
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Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus
Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus
Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil;
Immunology Investigative Institute, INCT, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
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Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil;
Immunology Investigative Institute, INCT, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
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Roque Pacheco de Almeida
Roque Pacheco de Almeida
Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil;
Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil;
Immunology Investigative Institute, INCT, CNPq, São Paulo, Brazil
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ABSTRACT.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a tropical disease endemic to Brazil. The clinical manifestations of the infection range from asymptomatic to severe. In VL, changes in lipid metabolism, such as hypocholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, occur that are believed to be related to its progression and severity. This study investigated the associations between serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins (high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein) with clinical and hematological parameters that predict severity in a case series of 83 VL patients. Severely ill patients had higher mean serum triglyceride levels than non-severely ill patients. There was a significant positive correlation between disease severity score and serum triglyceride levels, very low-density lipoprotein, international normalized ratio for prothrombin time test, total bilirubin, and age. An inverse correlation was detected between the disease severity score and mean platelet and neutrophil counts. Hypertriglyceridemia can be a prognostic indicator of severity in patients diagnosed with VL.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Mariana Garcez Varela, Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, Encrinology Service from the University Hospital/EBSERH, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, and Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil, E-mail: marianagarcezvarela@gmail.com. Mariana de Oliveira Bezerra, Felipe Vieira Santana, Marcos Couto Gomes, and Fabricia Alvisi de Oliveira, Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, E-mails: marianao06@hotmail.com, felipevs028@gmail.com, coutogomesmarcos@gmail.com, and fa_alvisi@hotmail.com. Pedro Ribeiro de Jesus Almeida, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, E-mail: pedrojesus.almeida@gmail.com. Geydson Silveira da Cruz, Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil, and Hematology Service, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, E-mail: geydson@yahoo.com. Enaldo Vieira de Melo, Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, E-mail: evmsidarta@gmail.com. Paulo Roberto de Oliveira Costa, Infectious Disease Clinic, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, E-mail: paulo_roc@hotmail.com. Amélia Ribeiro de Jesus and Roque Pacheco de Almeida, Immunology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil, Heath Science Graduate Program, Aracaju, Brazil, and Immunology Investigative Institute, INCT, CNPq, E-mails: ameliaribeirodejesus@gmail.com and roquepachecodealmeida@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Bertoli A , Greco AV , Caputo S , Caradonna P , Grieco A , Laghi V , 1982. Visceral leishmaniasis presenting with hypertrigliceridaemia. Lancet 320: 504–505.
-
2.
Bekaert ED , Dole E , Dubois DY , Bouma M-E , Lontie J-F , Kallel R , Malmendier CL , Ayrault‐Jarrier M , 1992. Alterations in lipoprotein density classes in infantile visceral leishmaniasis: presence of apolipoprotein SAA. Eur J Clin Invest 3: 190–199.
-
3.
Mohapatra S , Ramakrishan L , Samantaray J , Dash S , 2014. Lipid derangement as diagnostic and prognostic indicator for visceral leishmaniasis patients. Trop Parasitol 4: 134–135.
-
4.
Lal CS et al.2016. Hypertriglyceridemia: a possible diagnostic marker of disease severity in visceral leishmaniasis. Infection 44: 39–45.
-
5.
Ghosh J , Das S , Guha R , Ghosh D , Naskar K , Das A , Roy S , 2012. Hyperlipidemia offers protection against Leishmania donovani infection: role of membrane cholesterol. J Lipid Res 53: 2560–2572.
-
6.
Liberopoulos E , Alexandridis G , Bairaktari E , Elisaf M , 2002. Severe hypocholesterolemia with reduced serum lipoprotein(a) in a patient with visceral leishmaniasis. Ann Clin Lab Sci 32: 305–308.
-
7.
Coura-Vital W , de Araújo VEM , Reis IA , Amancio FF , Reis AB , Carneiro M , 2014. Prognostic factors and scoring system for death from visceral leishmaniasis: an historical cohort study in Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e3374.
-
8.
Kämink SS , Collin SM , Harrison T , Gatluak F , Mullahzada AW , Ritmeijer K , 2017. A clinical severity scoring system for visceral leishmaniasis in immunocompetent patients in south Sudan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e0005921.
-
9.
De Queiroz Sampaio MJA , Cavalcanti NV , Alves JGB , Filho MJCF , Correia JB , 2010. Risk factors for death in children with visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e877.
-
10.
Araki MVR , Barros C , Santos EG , 2011. Análise do perfil lipídico de crianças e adolescentes do estado de Sergipe. Sci Plena 6: 12b.
-
11.
Leao SC , Carvalho TS , Galvão MP , Silva RV , Rocha MF , Queiroz AAF , Almeida RO , Araujo RR , Souto MJS , de Andrade Rodrigues TM , 2016. A decade of lipid profiles: a gender focus. Hear Res - Open J 3: 9–15.
-
12.
Malmendier CL , Lontie JF , Dubois DY , 1991. Mechanisms of hypocholesterolemia. Adv Exp Med Biol 285: 173–182.
-
13.
Auerbach BJ , Parks JS , 1989. Lipoprotein abnormalities associated with lipopolysaccharide-induced lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase and lipase deficiency. J Biol Chem 264: 10264–10270.
-
14.
Lal CS , Kumar A , Kumar S , Pandey K , Kumar N , Bimal S , Sinha PK , Das P , 2007. Hypocholesterolemia and increased triglyceride in pediatric visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Chim Acta 382: 151–153.
-
15.
Feingold KR , Memon RA , Moser AH , Shigenaga JK , Grunfeld C , 1999. Endotoxin and interleukin-1 decrease hepatic lipase mRNA levels. Atherosclerosis 142: 379–387.
-
16.
Patton JS , Shepard HM , Wilking H , Lewis G , Aggarwal BB , Eessalu TE , Gavin LA , Grunfeld C , 1986. Interferons and tumor necrosis factors have similar catabolic effects on 3T3 L1 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 8313–8317.
-
17.
Liberopoulos EN , Apostolou F , Gazi IF , Kostara C , Bairaktari ET , Tselepis AD , Elisaf M , 2014. Visceral leishmaniasis is associated with marked changes in serum lipid profile. Eur J Clin Invest 44: 719–727.
-
18.
Wang G et al.2020. Low high-density lipoprotein level is correlated with the severity of COVID-19 patients: an observational study. Lipids Health Dis 19: 204.
-
19.
Zhou Y , Chi J , Lv W , Wang Y , 2021. Obesity and diabetes as high-risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Diabetes Metab Res Rev 37: e3377.
-
20.
Luzi L , Radaelli MG , 2020. Influenza and obesity: its odd relationship and the lessons for COVID-19 pandemic. Acta Diabetol 57: 759–764.
-
21.
Lago AS et al., 2020. Diabetes modifies the clinic presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Open Forum Infect Dis 7: ofaa491.
-
22.
Schwetz V et al.2018. Visceral leishmaniasis in a patient with diabetes mellitus type 2 and discrete bicytopenia. Clin Case Rep 6: 78–81.
-
23.
Sarnáglia GD , Covre LP , Pereira FEL , De Matos Guedes HL , Faria AMC , Dietze R , Rodrigues RR , Maioli TU , Gomes DCO , 2016. Diet-induced obesity promotes systemic inflammation and increased susceptibility to murine visceral leishmaniasis. Parasitology 143: 1647–1655.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 4486 | 1823 | 594 |
| Full Text Views | 207 | 113 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 99 | 16 | 0 |