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Elevated Extracellular Levels of Granzymes in Patients with Scrub Typhus
ABSTRACT.
Scrub typhus is an acute febrile disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is transmitted through chigger mites. Delayed treatment results in various complications and, in severe cases, death. Granzymes are secreted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes or natural killer cells and are known to play an important role in controlling intracellular pathogens. To date, few studies have been done on granzymes in patients with scrub typhus. In this study, granzymes A and B showed a significant increase during the acute stage of scrub typhus compared with healthy control subjects, and decreased sharply after treatment. In addition, granzymes A and B were significantly high in the moderately elevated liver enzyme group. In conclusion, it appears that the host during the acute phase of scrub typhus increases cytotoxic T-cell activity to control infection.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Programs (NRF-2015R1D1A1A01060251 and NRF-2018R1D1A3B07049557) of the National Research Foundation of Korea, which are funded by the Ministry of Education and Fund of Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital.
Authors’ addresses: Joo-Hee Hwang, Jeong-Hwan Hwang, and Chang-Seop Lee, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea, and the Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea, E-mails: zany78@naver.com, smilehwang77@hanmail.net, and lcsmd@chonbuk.ac.kr.