- ABSTRACT.
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS
- Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
- Serum micronutrient concentrations and CRP during ATBD.
- Gut microbiome among adults with ATBD.
- Associations between the gut microbiome and serum micronutrient concentrations.
- Associations between gut microbiome and CRP.
- Correlations between serum CRP and micronutrients.
- Associations between gut microbiome and anthropometry.
- DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSIONS
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- REFERENCES
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
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Nutrition, Inflammation, and the Gut Microbiota among Outpatients with Active Tuberculosis Disease in India
Samantha L. Huey
Samantha L. Huey
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York;
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Elaine A. Yu
Elaine A. Yu
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York;
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Julia L. Finkelstein
Julia L. Finkelstein
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York;
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Marshall J. Glesby
Marshall J. Glesby
Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York;
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Wesley Bonam
Wesley Bonam
Arogyavaram Medical Centre, Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India;
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David G. Russell
David G. Russell
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York;
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Saurabh Mehta
Saurabh Mehta
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York;
Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Global Health, and Technology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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ABSTRACT.
India has the highest rates of tuberculosis (TB) globally and a high prevalence of malnutrition; however, the interplay between host nutritional status, inflammation, and the gut microbiome in active tuberculosis disease (ATBD) is less well-studied. We examined differences in gut microbial composition and diversity based on undernutrition and inflammation status among outpatients with ATBD at the time of treatment initiation. During this exploratory cross-sectional study, outpatients (N = 32) with ATBD (confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF) were enrolled in anti-TB treatment initiated at a hospital in rural southern India. The 16S rRNA sequencing was used to assess the composition of the gut microbiome. We assessed multiple markers of nutritional status, including micronutrient status concentrations (vitamin D [25(OH)D], vitamin B12, ferritin), anthropometry (body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, and height), and C-reactive protein (CRP), as indicators of inflammation. We found that 25(OH)D was positively associated with the relative abundance of Oscillospira spp., a butyrate-producing genus linked with anti-inflammation effects, and that ferritin was positively associated with Proteobacteria taxa, which have been associated with worse inflammation in other studies. Finally, we found a greater abundance of inflammation-associated taxa from the Proteobacteria phylum and lower alpha-diversity indices among those who were underweight or who had low mid-upper arm circumference or short stature. In summary, we found differences in the gut microbiota composition and diversity among those with undernutrition compared with those with adequate nutrition status at the time of initiation of treatment among patients with ATBD in India. Clinical implications of these findings will need to be examined by larger longitudinal studies.
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Author Notes
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Financial support: Research reported in this publication was supported by Cornell University (Division of Nutritional Sciences), Arogyavaram Medical Centre, and the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; T32-DK007158 award; to E. A. Y.). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) or the National Institutes of Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors report no conflict of interest related to this work. In the interest of full disclosure, SM holds equity in a start-up company commercializing point-of-care diagnostic devices for micronutrient status partly based on the technology developed in his research laboratory at Cornell University.
Authors’ addresses: addresses: Samantha L. Huey, Julia L. Finkelstein, and Saurabh Mehta, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, E-mails: slh277@cornell.edu, jfinkelstein@cornell.edu, and smehta@cornell.edu. Elaine A. Yu, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: elaine.ann.yu@emory.edu. Marshall J. Glesby, Center for Special Studies (HIV/AIDS), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, E-mail: mag2005@med.cornell.edu. Wesley Bonam, Arogayavaram Medical Center Tuberculoses Santorium, Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India, E-mail: wesleywesleyamc@yahoo.co.in. David G. Russell, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, E-mail: dgr8@cornell.edu.
- ABSTRACT.
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS
- Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
- Serum micronutrient concentrations and CRP during ATBD.
- Gut microbiome among adults with ATBD.
- Associations between the gut microbiome and serum micronutrient concentrations.
- Associations between gut microbiome and CRP.
- Correlations between serum CRP and micronutrients.
- Associations between gut microbiome and anthropometry.
- DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSIONS
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- REFERENCES
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
World Health Organization , 2018. Global Tuberculosis Report 2018. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
2.
USAID , 2017. U.S. Support for Ending Tuberculosis Epidemic in India. Fact sheet for immediate release. Online. United States Agency for International Development.
-
3.
World Health Organization , 2017. Global Tuberculosis Report. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
4.
Shrinivasan R, Rane S, Pai M, 2020. India’s syndemic of tuberculosis and COVID-19. BMJ Glob Health 5:e003979.
-
5.
Padmapriyadarsini C, Shobana M, Lakshmi M, Beena T, Swaminathan S, 2016. Undernutrition and tuberculosis in India: situation analysis & the way forward. Indian J Med Res 144: 11–20.
-
6.
Zumla A, Rao M, Parida SK, Keshavjee S, Cassell G, Wallis R, Axelsson-Robertsson R, Doherty M, Andersson J, Maeurer M, 2015. Inflammation and tuberculosis: host-directed therapies. J Intern Med 277: 373–387.
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-
9.
Namasivayam S, Sher A, Glickman MS, Wipperman MF , 2018. The microbiome and tuberculosis: early evidence for cross talk. MBio 9: e01420-18.
-
10.
Wood MR, Yu EA, Mehta S, 2017. The human microbiome in the fight against tuberculosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 96: 1274–1284.
-
11.
Hu Y et al., 2019. The gut microbiome signatures discriminate healthy from pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 9: 90.
-
12.
Mitchell K, Griffiths CJ, Martineau AR, 2011. Vitamin D and tuberculosis. Curr Respir Med Rev 7: 435–439.
-
13.
Gibney KB, MacGregor L, Leder K, Torresi J, Marshall C, Ebeling PR, Biggs BA, 2008. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa. Clin Infect Dis 46: 443–446.
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14.
Lim W-C, Hanauer SB, Li YC, 2005. Mechanisms of disease: vitamin D and inflammatory bowel disease. Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2: 308.
-
15.
Romain M, Sviri S, Linton DM, Stav I, van Heerden PV, 2016. The role of vitamin B12 in the critically ill–a review. Anaesth Intensive Care 44: 447–452.
-
16.
Thurnham DI, Northrop-Clewes CA, 2016. Inflammation and biomarkers of micronutrient status. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 19: 458–463.
-
17.
Das NK et al., 2020. Microbial metabolite signaling is required for systemic iron homeostasis. Cell Metab 31: 115–130 e6.
-
18.
Comella-Del-Barrio P et al., 2019. A model based on the combination of IFN-gamma, ip-10, ferritin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D for discriminating latent from active tuberculosis in children. Front Microbiol 10: 1855.
-
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Kelly P, 2010. Nutrition, intestinal defense and the microbiome. Proc Nutr Soc 69: 261–268.
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Wu S et al., 2015. Intestinal epithelial vitamin D receptor deletion leads to defective autophagy in colitis. Gut 64: 1082–1094.
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Balcells ME, Yokobori N, Hong BY, Corbett J, Cervantes J, 2019. The lung microbiome, vitamin D, and the tuberculous granuloma: a balance triangle. Microb Pathog 131: 158–163.
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22.
Institute of Medicine Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference I , its Panel on Folate OBV, Choline, 1998. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, National Academy of Sciences.
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Roth JR, Lawrence JG, Bobik TA, 1996. Cobalamin (coenzyme B12): synthesis and biological significance. Annu Rev Microbiol 50: 137–181.
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Degnan Patrick H, Barry Natasha A, Mok Kenny C, Taga Michiko E, Goodman Andrew L, 2014. Human gut microbes use multiple transporters to distinguish vitamin B12 analogs and compete in the gut. Cell Host Microbe 15: 47–57.
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He Y, Wen Q, Yao F, Xu D, Huang Y, Wang J, 2017. Gut-lung axis: the microbial contributions and clinical implications. Crit Rev Microbiol 43: 81–95.
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Schirmer M et al., 2016. Linking the human gut microbiome to inflammatory cytokine production capacity. Cell 167: 1125–1136.e8.
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Gilbert JA, Blaser MJ, Caporaso JG, Jansson JK, Lynch SV, Knight R, 2018. Current understanding of the human microbiome. Nat Med 24: 392.
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