ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Gessain A, Cassar O, 2012. Epidemiological aspects and world distribution of HTLV-1 Infection. Front Microbiol 3: 388.
-
2.
Miyashiro D, Sanches JA, 2020. Cutaneous manifestations of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 37: 81–91.
-
3.
Phillips AA, Harewood JCK, Adult T, 2018. Cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL): state of the art. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 13: 300–307.
-
4.
Tsukasaki K, Marçais A, Nasr R, Kato K, Fukuda T, Hermine O, Bazarbachi A, 2020. Diagnostic approaches and established treatments for adult T cell leukemia lymphoma. Front Microbiol 11: 1207.
-
5.
Katsuya H, Ishitsuka K, 2017. Treatment advances and prognosis for patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. J Clin Exp Hematop 57: 87–97.
-
6.
Okoye AE, Ibegbulam OG, Onoh RC, Ugwu NI, Anigbo CS, Nonyelu CE, 2015. Seroprevalence of human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) antibodies among blood donors at Enugu, Nigeria. J Blood Med 6: 31–36.
-
7.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control , 2015. Geographical Distribution of Areas with a High Prevalence of HTLV-1 Infection. Stockholm, Sweden: ECDC.
-
8.
Dantas L, Netto E, Glesby MJ, Carvalho EM, Machado P, 2014. Dermatological manifestations of individuals infected with human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Int J Dermatol 53: 1098–1102.
-
9.
Bittencourt AL, de Oliveira Mde F, 2010. Cutaneous manifestations associated with HTLV-1 infection. Int J Dermatol 49: 1099–1110.
-
10.
Nascimento MC, Primo J, Bittencourt A, Siqueira I, de Fátima Oliveira M, Meyer R, Schriefer A, Santos SB, Carvalho EM, 2009. Infective dermatitis has similar immunological features to human T lymphotropic virus-type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Clin Exp Immunol 156: 455–462.
-
11.
Primo JR, Brites C, Oliveira Mde F, Moreno-Carvalho O, Machado M, Bittencourt AL, 2005. Infective dermatitis and human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis in childhood and adolescence. Clin Infect Dis 41: 535–541.
-
12.
Hlela C, Bittencourt A, 2014. Infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1 mimics common eczemas in children and may be a prelude to severe systemic diseases. Dermatol Clin 32: 237–248.
-
13.
Marçais A, Suarez F, Sibon D, Frenzel L, Hermine O, Bazarbachi A, 2013. Therapeutic options for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Curr Oncol Rep 15: 457–464.
-
14.
Bazarbachi A et al., 1999. Arsenic trioxide and interferon-alpha synergize to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-transformed cells. Blood 93: 278–283.
-
15.
Pasquier A et al., 2018. How to control HTLV-1-associated diseases: preventing de novo cellular infection using antiviral therapy. Front Microbiol 9: 278.
-
16.
Imaizumi Y et al., 2020. Prognosis of patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in Japan: a nationwide hospital-based study. Cancer Sci 111: 4567–4580.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 611 | 372 | 19 |
| Full Text Views | 79 | 33 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 85 | 37 | 2 |
Case Report: Atypical Cutaneous Presentation of Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Related Adult T-cell Lymphoma
ABSTRACT.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus endemic in many parts of the world. Because of migration, cases of HTLV-1 in non-HTLV-1 endemic countries have been increasingly reported. Clinical presentation of HTLV-1 infection is highly variable, with a significant risk of diagnostic delays. Skin can be the first site affected by HTLV-1-related manifestations such as cutaneous involvement of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1. A 32-year-old Nigerian man was admitted to the infectious disease department for high fever, asthenia, lymphocytosis, and vesicular bullous lesions on both hand palms and lower limbs. After clinical work-up was performed, bacterial superinfected herpes simplex viurs-2 ulcers were the presenting sign of HTLV-1-related chronic type ATLL. Standard treatment based on interferon-α plus zidovudine was started, but it was poorly tolerated; therefore, switching to an off-label dual antiretroviral regimen was attempted. The increasing prevalence of HTLV-1 in nonendemic areas may enhance the development of alternative treatments with better efficacy and tolerability profiles.
Author Notes
These authors contributed equally to this article and share first authorship. ‡These authors contributed equally to this article and share senior authorship.
Authors’ addresses: Gianluca Avallone, Luca Mastorino, Andrea Agostini, Martina Merli, Marco Rubatto, Maria Teresa Fierro, Pietro Quaglino, and Simone Ribero, Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences University of Turin, Turin, Italy, E-mails: gianluca.avallone2@gmail.com, lucamastorino02@gmail.com, andrea93.agostini@gmail.com, martinamerli93@gmail.com, rubattomarco@gmail.com, pietro.quaglino@unito.it, mariateresa.fierro@unito.it, and simone.ribero@unito.it. Mattia Trunfio and Andrea Calcagno, Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin at the “Amedeo di Savoia” Hospital, ASL “Città di Torino”, Turin, Italy, E-mails: mattia.trunfio@edu.unito.it and andrea.calcagno@unito.it. Daniele Caracciolo, Division of Haematology, Department of Oncology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Molinette, Torino, Italy, E-mail: dcaracciolo@cittadellasalute.to.it. Rebecca Senetta, Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, E-mail: rebesenetta@gmail.com.