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, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and
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-
1.
Griffith DE et al.2007. An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 175: 367–416.
-
2.
Sharma S, Sharma R, Singh B, Upadhyay V, Mani I, Tripathi M & Kumar P 2019. A prospective study of non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease among tuberculosis suspects at a tertiary care centre in north India. Indian J Med Res 150: 458–467.
-
3.
Piersimoni C & Scarparo C 2009. Extrapulmonary infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in immunocompetent persons. Emerg Infect Dis 15: 1351–1358.
-
4.
Jani MN, Rodrigues CS & Mehta AP 2011. The neglected and often ignored: nontuberculous mycobacteria. J Glob Infect Dis 3: 94.
-
5.
Park H, Jang H, Song E, Chang CL, Lee M, Jeong S, Park J, Kang B & Kim C 2005. Detection and genotyping of Mycobacterium species from clinical isolates and specimens by oligonucleotide array. J Clin Microbiol 43: 1782–1788.
-
6.
Suresh P, Biswas L, Prasad V, Kumar A, Sivadas S, Khan S & Biswas R 2020. BCG infection due to MPT64-negative strain: a diagnostic challenge. Am J Trop Med Hyg 103: 1072–1075.
-
7.
Shenai S, Rodrigues C & Mehta A 2010. Time to identify and define non-tuberculous mycobacteria in a tuberculosis-endemic region. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 14: 1001–1008.
-
8.
Sharma P, Singh D, Sharma K, Verma S, Mahajan S & Kanga A 2018. Are we neglecting nontuberculous mycobacteria just as laboratory contaminants? Time to reevaluate things. J Pathogens 8907629. doi: 10.1155/2018/8907629.
-
9.
Myneedu VP, Verma AK, Bhalla M, Arora J, Reza S, Sah GC & Behera D 2013. Occurrence of non-tuberculous Mycobacterium in clinical samples—a potential pathogen. Indian J Tuberc 60: 71–76.
-
10.
Umrao J, Singh D, Zia A, Saxena S, Sarsaiya S, Singh S, Khatoon J & Dhole TN 2016. Prevalence and species spectrum of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates at a tertiary care center. Int J Mycobacteriol 5: 288–293.
-
11.
Jain S, Sankar MM, Sharma N, Singh S & Chugh TD 2014. High prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease among non-HIV infected individuals in a TB endemic country—experience from a tertiary center in Delhi, India. Pathog Glob Health 108: 118–122.
-
12.
Gopinath K & Singh S 2010. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in TB-endemic countries: are we neglecting the danger? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e615.
-
13.
Maurya AK, Nag VL, Kant S, Kushwaha RAS, Kumar M, Singh AK & Dhole TN 2015. Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria among extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases in tertiary care centers in northern India. BioMed Res Int 465403. doi: 10.1155/2015/465403.
-
14.
Renaud CJ, Subramanian S, Tambyah PA & Lee EJC 2011. The clinical course of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial peritoneal dialysis infections in Asians: a case series and literature review. Nephrology (Carlton) 16: 174–179.
-
15.
Patil R, Patil T, Schenfeld L & Massoud S 2011. Mycobacterium porcinum peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Gen Intern Med 26: 346–348.
-
16.
Spaulding AB, Lai YL, Zelazny AM, Olivier KN, Kadri SS, Prevots DR & Adjemian J 2017. Geographic distribution of nontuberculous mycobacterial species identified among clinical isolates in the United States, 2009–2013. Ann Am Thorac Soc 14: 1655–1661.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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Epidemiology of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection in Tuberculosis Suspects
Parasmal Suresh
Parasmal Suresh
Center for Nanosciences and Molecular medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India;
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Anil Kumar
Anil Kumar
Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India;
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Raja Biswas
Raja Biswas
Center for Nanosciences and Molecular medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India;
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Divya Vijayakumar
Divya Vijayakumar
Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India;
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Swathy Thulasidharan
Swathy Thulasidharan
Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India;
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Gopikrishnan Anjaneyan
Gopikrishnan Anjaneyan
Department of Dermatology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India;
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Akhilesh Kunoor
Akhilesh Kunoor
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Lalitha Biswas
Lalitha Biswas
Center for Nanosciences and Molecular medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi, Kerala, India;
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ABSTRACT.
Nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens that cause a wide range of illnesses. Here, the species distribution and prevalence of NTM infections in tuberculosis suspects was analyzed. A total of 7,073 specimens from pulmonary and extrapulmonary sites were analyzed, and 709 (10%) were found to be culture positive for mycobacteria. Of these, 85.2% were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and 14.8% as NTM (65.7% rapid growers and 34.3% slow growers). Speciation of the NTM isolates (n = 69) identified 19 NTM species. M. abscessus (33.3%) and M. fortuitum (24.6%) were the most dominant NTM species isolated from the patients, followed by M. porcinum (5.8%) and M. parascrofulaceum (4.3%). We also report peritonitis caused by rapidly growing NTM among the patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and a case of M. senegalense peritonitis. A low prevalence but high species diversity of NTM was detected in our study. The high species diversity of NTM necessitates the need to unequivocally identify mycobacterial isolates for appropriate treatment.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Parasmal Suresh, Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India, E-mail: parassureshjn@gmail.com. Anil Kumar, Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ponekara, Kochi, Kerala, India, E-mail: vanilkumar@aims.amrita.edu. Raja Biswas and Lalitha Biswas, Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India, E-mails: rajabiswas@aims.amrita.edu and lalithabiswas@aims.amrita.edu. Gopikrishnan Anjaneyan, Department of Dermatology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India, E-mail: gopi19430@aims.amrita.edu. Divya Vijayakumar and Swathy Thulasidharan, Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India, E-mails: divarchives@gmail.com and swathy.thulasidharan@gmail.com. Akhilesh Kunoor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India, E-mail: akhileshk@aims.amrita.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Griffith DE et al.2007. An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 175: 367–416.
-
2.
Sharma S, Sharma R, Singh B, Upadhyay V, Mani I, Tripathi M & Kumar P 2019. A prospective study of non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease among tuberculosis suspects at a tertiary care centre in north India. Indian J Med Res 150: 458–467.
-
3.
Piersimoni C & Scarparo C 2009. Extrapulmonary infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in immunocompetent persons. Emerg Infect Dis 15: 1351–1358.
-
4.
Jani MN, Rodrigues CS & Mehta AP 2011. The neglected and often ignored: nontuberculous mycobacteria. J Glob Infect Dis 3: 94.
-
5.
Park H, Jang H, Song E, Chang CL, Lee M, Jeong S, Park J, Kang B & Kim C 2005. Detection and genotyping of Mycobacterium species from clinical isolates and specimens by oligonucleotide array. J Clin Microbiol 43: 1782–1788.
-
6.
Suresh P, Biswas L, Prasad V, Kumar A, Sivadas S, Khan S & Biswas R 2020. BCG infection due to MPT64-negative strain: a diagnostic challenge. Am J Trop Med Hyg 103: 1072–1075.
-
7.
Shenai S, Rodrigues C & Mehta A 2010. Time to identify and define non-tuberculous mycobacteria in a tuberculosis-endemic region. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 14: 1001–1008.
-
8.
Sharma P, Singh D, Sharma K, Verma S, Mahajan S & Kanga A 2018. Are we neglecting nontuberculous mycobacteria just as laboratory contaminants? Time to reevaluate things. J Pathogens 8907629. doi: 10.1155/2018/8907629.
-
9.
Myneedu VP, Verma AK, Bhalla M, Arora J, Reza S, Sah GC & Behera D 2013. Occurrence of non-tuberculous Mycobacterium in clinical samples—a potential pathogen. Indian J Tuberc 60: 71–76.
-
10.
Umrao J, Singh D, Zia A, Saxena S, Sarsaiya S, Singh S, Khatoon J & Dhole TN 2016. Prevalence and species spectrum of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria isolates at a tertiary care center. Int J Mycobacteriol 5: 288–293.
-
11.
Jain S, Sankar MM, Sharma N, Singh S & Chugh TD 2014. High prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease among non-HIV infected individuals in a TB endemic country—experience from a tertiary center in Delhi, India. Pathog Glob Health 108: 118–122.
-
12.
Gopinath K & Singh S 2010. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in TB-endemic countries: are we neglecting the danger? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e615.
-
13.
Maurya AK, Nag VL, Kant S, Kushwaha RAS, Kumar M, Singh AK & Dhole TN 2015. Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria among extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases in tertiary care centers in northern India. BioMed Res Int 465403. doi: 10.1155/2015/465403.
-
14.
Renaud CJ, Subramanian S, Tambyah PA & Lee EJC 2011. The clinical course of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial peritoneal dialysis infections in Asians: a case series and literature review. Nephrology (Carlton) 16: 174–179.
-
15.
Patil R, Patil T, Schenfeld L & Massoud S 2011. Mycobacterium porcinum peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Gen Intern Med 26: 346–348.
-
16.
Spaulding AB, Lai YL, Zelazny AM, Olivier KN, Kadri SS, Prevots DR & Adjemian J 2017. Geographic distribution of nontuberculous mycobacterial species identified among clinical isolates in the United States, 2009–2013. Ann Am Thorac Soc 14: 1655–1661.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 4046 | 2428 | 360 |
| Full Text Views | 355 | 17 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 180 | 21 | 0 |