Rapid Emergence of Florfenicol-Resistant Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella in China: A Potential Threat to Public Health

Zeqiang Zhan National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China;

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Xuebin Xu Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China;

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Haiyan Shen Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China

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Yuan Gao National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China;

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Fanliang Zeng National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China;

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Xiaoyun Qu National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China;

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Hongxia Zhang National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China;

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Ming Liao National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China;

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Jianmin Zhang National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China;

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Infection caused by invasive Salmonella occurs when Salmonella bacteria, which normally cause diarrhea, enter the bloodstream and spread through the body. We report the dramatic increase in florfenicol-resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) in China between 2007 and 2016. Of the 186 iNTS strains isolated during the study period, 34 were florfenicol resistant, most of which harbored known resistance genes. Florfenicol is exclusively used in veterinary medicine in China, but now florfenicol-resistant iNTS is found in clinical patients. This finding indicates that antimicrobial resistance produced in veterinary medicine can be transmitted to humans, which poses a severe threat to public health.

Author Notes

Address correspondence to Ming Liao or Jianmin Zhang, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Rd., Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China. E-mails: mliao@scau.edu.cn or junfeng-v@163.com

Financial support: This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC1600101, 2018YFD0500500); a project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31972762); a project supported by Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar–Funded Scheme (2018); Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou (201806010183); Province Science and Technology of Guangdong Research Project (2017A020208055); and Guangdong Key S&T Program (Grant no. 2019B020217002).

Authors’ addresses: Zeqiang Zhan, Yuan Gao, Fanliang Zeng, Xiaoyun Qu, Hongxia Zhang, Ming Liao, and Jianmin Zhang, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China, E-mails: zeqiangzhan_v@163.com, tianc__001@163.com, 1529436709@qq.com, junjingzhang1989@163.com, qxy0926@126.com, mliao@scau.edu.cn, and junfeng-v@163.com. Xuebin Xu, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China, E-mail: xxb72@sina.com. Haiyan Shen, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China, E-mail: haiyan_0001@163.com.

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