Ao TT, Feasey NA, Gordon MA, Keddy KH, Angulo FJ, Crump JA, 2015. Global burden of invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease, 2010. Emerg Infect Dis 21: 941–949.
Silva C et al. 2017. Characterization of Salmonella enterica isolates causing bacteremia in Lima, Peru, using multiple typing methods. PLoS One 12: e0189946.
Kuang D, 2018. Increase in ceftriaxone resistance and widespread extended-spectrum β-lactamases genes among Salmonella enterica from human and nonhuman sources. Foodborne Pathog Dis 15: 770–775.
Fernandes SA, Camargo CH, Francisco GR, Bueno MFC, Garcia DO, Doi Y, Casas MRT, 2016. Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases CTX-M-8 and CTX-M-2-producing Salmonella serotypes from clinical and nonhuman isolates in Brazil. Microb Drug Resist 23: 580–589.
Cartelle Gestal M, Zurita J, Paz y Mino A, Ortega-Paredes D, Alcocer I, 2016. Characterization of a small outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis that harbour CTX-M-65 in Ecuador. Braz J Infect Dis 20: 406–407.
Zamudio ML, Meza A, Bailón H, Martinez-Urtaza J, Campos J, 2011. Experiencias en la vigilancia epidemiológica de agentes patógenos transmitidos por alimentos a través de electroforésis en campo pulsado (PFGE) en el Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 28: 128–135.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2016. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Twenty Sixth Informational Supplement. M100-S26. Wayne, PA: CLSI.
Belaaouaj A, Lapoumeroulie C, Caniça MM, Vedel G, Névot P, Krishnamoorthy R, Paul G, 1994. Nucleotide sequences of the genes coding for the TEM-like/3-lactamases IRT-1 and IRT-2 (formerly called TRI-1 and TRI-2). FEMS Microbiol Lett 120: 75–80.
Batchelor M, Hopkins K, Threlfall EJ, Stallwood AD, Davies RH, Liebana E, 2005. blaCTX-M genes in clinical Salmonella isolates recovered from humans in England and Wales from 1992 to 2003. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49: 1319–1322.
Pitout JD, Thomson KS, Hanson ND, Ehrhardt AF, Moland ES, Sanders CC, 1998. Beta-lactamases responsible for resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis isolates recovered in South Africa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42: 1350–1354.
Iriarte A et al. 2017. Draft genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis Strain SPE101, isolated from a chronic human infection. Genome Announc 5: e00679–e00717.
Colquechagua F, Sevillano C, Gonzales E, 2015. Enterobacterias productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido en muestras fecales en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 32: 26–32.
Antunes P, Mourão J, Campos J, Peixe L, 2016. Salmonellosis: the role of poultry meat. Clin Microbiol Infect 22: 110–121.
Nógrády N, Tóth Á, Kostyák Á, Pászti J, Nagy B, 2007. Emergence of multidrug-resistant clones of Salmonella Infantis in broiler chickens and humans in Hungary. J Antimicrob Chemother 60: 645–648.
Marder Mph EP et al. 2018. Preliminary incidence and trends of infections with pathogens transmitted commonly through food–foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 10 U.S. sites, 2006–2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 67: 324–328.
Brown AC, Chen JC, Watkins LKF, Campbell D, Folster JP, Tate H, Wasilenko J, Van Tubbergen C, Friedman CR, 2018. CTX-M-65 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 24:2284–2291.
Granda A, Riveros M, Martínez-Puchol S, Ocampo K, Laureano-Adame L, Corujo A, Reyes I, Ruiz J, Ochoa TJ, 2019. Presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase, CTX-M-65 in Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis isolated from children with diarrhea in Lima, Peru. Pediatr Infect Dis J. DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1685502.
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Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis is causing an increasing number of infections worldwide. Our aim was to describe the characteristics of S. enterica serovar Infantis among patients attended in a hospital of Lima, Peru. Fifty cases of salmonellosis were seen during October 2015–May 2017; Salmonella Infantis was detected in 36% (n = 18) of them, displacing Enteritidis and Typhimurium (n = 13, 26%, each). Seventeen cases caused by Salmonella Infantis were presented as diarrheal illnesses; only one extraintestinal case (bacteremia) was seen in a 1-year-old infant. This serovar is resistant to multiple groups of antimicrobials, showing only fully susceptibility to carbapenems. Compared with Infantis, other serovars analyzed (mainly Enteritidis and Typhimurium) showed a lower frequency of resistance to antimicrobials such as trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and chloramphenicol. The antibiotic with the highest frequency of resistance was ciprofloxacin. Further studies are needed to evaluate the routes of transmission and measures of control of this multidrug-resistant Salmonella.
Authors’ addresses: Coralith Garcia, Noemí Hinostroza, Lizeth Astocondor, and Theresa Ochoa, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Lima, Peru, E-mails: coralith.garcia@upch.pe, noemi.hinostroza.s@gmail.com, lizeth1226@hotmail.com, and theresa.j.ochoa@uth.tmc.edu. Jan Jacobs, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, E-mail: jjacobs@itg.be.
Ao TT, Feasey NA, Gordon MA, Keddy KH, Angulo FJ, Crump JA, 2015. Global burden of invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease, 2010. Emerg Infect Dis 21: 941–949.
Silva C et al. 2017. Characterization of Salmonella enterica isolates causing bacteremia in Lima, Peru, using multiple typing methods. PLoS One 12: e0189946.
Kuang D, 2018. Increase in ceftriaxone resistance and widespread extended-spectrum β-lactamases genes among Salmonella enterica from human and nonhuman sources. Foodborne Pathog Dis 15: 770–775.
Fernandes SA, Camargo CH, Francisco GR, Bueno MFC, Garcia DO, Doi Y, Casas MRT, 2016. Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases CTX-M-8 and CTX-M-2-producing Salmonella serotypes from clinical and nonhuman isolates in Brazil. Microb Drug Resist 23: 580–589.
Cartelle Gestal M, Zurita J, Paz y Mino A, Ortega-Paredes D, Alcocer I, 2016. Characterization of a small outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis that harbour CTX-M-65 in Ecuador. Braz J Infect Dis 20: 406–407.
Zamudio ML, Meza A, Bailón H, Martinez-Urtaza J, Campos J, 2011. Experiencias en la vigilancia epidemiológica de agentes patógenos transmitidos por alimentos a través de electroforésis en campo pulsado (PFGE) en el Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 28: 128–135.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 2016. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Twenty Sixth Informational Supplement. M100-S26. Wayne, PA: CLSI.
Belaaouaj A, Lapoumeroulie C, Caniça MM, Vedel G, Névot P, Krishnamoorthy R, Paul G, 1994. Nucleotide sequences of the genes coding for the TEM-like/3-lactamases IRT-1 and IRT-2 (formerly called TRI-1 and TRI-2). FEMS Microbiol Lett 120: 75–80.
Batchelor M, Hopkins K, Threlfall EJ, Stallwood AD, Davies RH, Liebana E, 2005. blaCTX-M genes in clinical Salmonella isolates recovered from humans in England and Wales from 1992 to 2003. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49: 1319–1322.
Pitout JD, Thomson KS, Hanson ND, Ehrhardt AF, Moland ES, Sanders CC, 1998. Beta-lactamases responsible for resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis isolates recovered in South Africa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42: 1350–1354.
Iriarte A et al. 2017. Draft genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis Strain SPE101, isolated from a chronic human infection. Genome Announc 5: e00679–e00717.
Colquechagua F, Sevillano C, Gonzales E, 2015. Enterobacterias productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido en muestras fecales en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 32: 26–32.
Antunes P, Mourão J, Campos J, Peixe L, 2016. Salmonellosis: the role of poultry meat. Clin Microbiol Infect 22: 110–121.
Nógrády N, Tóth Á, Kostyák Á, Pászti J, Nagy B, 2007. Emergence of multidrug-resistant clones of Salmonella Infantis in broiler chickens and humans in Hungary. J Antimicrob Chemother 60: 645–648.
Marder Mph EP et al. 2018. Preliminary incidence and trends of infections with pathogens transmitted commonly through food–foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 10 U.S. sites, 2006–2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 67: 324–328.
Brown AC, Chen JC, Watkins LKF, Campbell D, Folster JP, Tate H, Wasilenko J, Van Tubbergen C, Friedman CR, 2018. CTX-M-65 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica serotype Infantis, United States. Emerg Infect Dis 24:2284–2291.
Granda A, Riveros M, Martínez-Puchol S, Ocampo K, Laureano-Adame L, Corujo A, Reyes I, Ruiz J, Ochoa TJ, 2019. Presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase, CTX-M-65 in Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis isolated from children with diarrhea in Lima, Peru. Pediatr Infect Dis J. DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1685502.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 335 | 207 | 9 |
Full Text Views | 1114 | 11 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 490 | 11 | 0 |