Lent H, Wygodzinsky P, 1979. Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas’s disease. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 163: 123–520.
Oliveira J, Alevi KCC, 2017. Taxonomic status of Panstrongylus herreri Wygodzinsky, 1948 and the number of Chagas disease vectors. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 50, 434–435.
Dorn PL, Justi SA, Dale C, Stevens L, Galvão C, Lima-Cordón R, Monrot C, 2018. Description of Triatoma mopan sp. n. from a cave in Belize (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). ZooKeys 775: 69–95.
Oliveira J, Ayala JM, Justi SA, Rosa JA, Galvão C, 2018. Description of a new species of Nesotriatoma Usinger, 1944 from Cuba and revalidation of synonymy between Nesotriatoma bruneri (Usinger, 1944) and N. flavida (Neiva, 1911) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). J Vector Ecol 43: 148–157.
Poinar G, 2019. A primitive triatomine bug, Paleotriatoma metaxytaxa gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar. Cretaceous Res 93: 90–97.
Lima-Cordón RA, Monroy MC, Stevens L, Rodas A, Rodas GA, Dorn PL, Justi SA, 2019. Description of Triatoma huehuetenanguensis sp. n., a potential Chagas disease vector (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). ZooKeys 820: 51–70.
Noireau F, Diosque P, Jansen AM, 2009. Trypanosoma cruzi: adaptation to its vectors and its hosts. Vet Res 40: 26.
World Health Organization, 2019. Weekly Epidemiological Record. Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Available at: http://www.who.int/chagas/en/. Accessed January 25, 2019.
World Health Organization, 2018. Weekly Epidemiological Record. Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Available at: http://www.who.int/chagas/en/. Accessed August 08, 2018.
Ueshima N, 1966. Cytotaxonomy of the triatominae (Reduviidae: Hemiptera). Chromosoma 18: 97–122.
Tartarotti E, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 1999. Patterns of nucleolar activity during spermatogenesis of two triatomines, Panstrongylus megistus and P. Herreri. Caryol 52: 177–184.
Johnson L, Blanchard TL, Varner DD, Scrutchfield WL, 1997. Factors affecting spermatogenesis in the stallion. Theriogenology 48: 1199–1216.
Alevi KCC, Castro NFC, Lima ACC, Ravazi A, Morielle‐Souza A, Oliveira J, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2014. Nucleolar persistence during spermatogenesis of the genus Rhodnius (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Cell Biol Int 38: 977–980.
Gonzáez-García JM, Rufas JS, Antonio C, Suja JA, 1995. Nucleolar cycle and localization of NORs in early embryos of Parascaris univalens. Chromosoma 104: 287–297.
Castanhole MMU, Pereira LLV, Bicudo HEMC, Costa LA, Itoyama MM, 2008. Heteropicnotic chromatin and nucleolar activity in meiosis and spermiogenesis of Limnogonus aduncus (Heteroptera, Gerridae): a stained nucleolar organizing region that can serve as a model for studying chromosome behavior. Genet Mol Res 7: 1398–1407.
Pereira LLV, Alevi KCC, Moreira FFF, Barbosa JF, Silistino-Souza ER, Junior FS, Souza-Firmino TS, Banho CA, Itoyama MM, 2015. Study of nucleolar behavior during spermatogenesis in Martarega brasiliensis (Heteroptera, Notonectidae). Genet Mol Res 14: 8988–8994.
Madeira FF, Borsatto KC, Lima ACC, Ravazi A, de Oliveira J, da Rosa JA, de Azeredo-Oliveira MT, Alevi KC, 2016. Nucleolar persistence: peculiar characteristic of spermatogenesis of the vectors of Chagas disease (Hemiptera, triatominae). Am J Trop Med Hyg 95, 1118–1120.
Morielle A, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2004. Description of the nucleolar activity and karyotype in germinative cell lines of Rhodnius domesticus (Triatominae, Heteroptera). Caryol 57: 31–37.
Morielle A, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2007. Differential characterization of holocentric chromosomes in triatomines (Heteroptera, Triatominae) using different staining techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Genet Mol Res 6: 713–720.
Severi-Aguiar GDC, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2005. Cytogenetic study on three species of the genus Triatoma (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) with emphasis on nucleolar organizer regions. Caryol 58: 293–299.
Severi-Aguiar GDC, Lourenço LB, Bicudo HEMC, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2006. Meiosis aspects and nucleolar activity in Triatoma vitticeps (Triatominae, Heteroptera). Genetica 126: 141–151.
Bardella VB, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, Tartarotti E, 2008. Cytogenetic analysis in the spermatogenesis of Triatoma melanosoma (Reduviidae; Heteroptera). Genet Mol Res 7: 326–335.
Costa LC, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, Tartarotti E, 2008. Spermatogenesis and nucleolar activity in Triatoma klugi (Triatomine, Heteroptera). Genet Mol Biol 31, 438–444.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2013. Análise das possíveis Regiões Organizadoras Nucleolares e da atividade nucleolar em Triatoma melanocephala e T. lenti, importantes vetores da doença de Chagas. Rev Ciênc Farmac Básica Apl 34: 417–421.
Pereira NP, Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2015. Spermatogenesis and nucleolar behavior in Triatoma vandae and Triatoma williami (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Genet Mol Res 4: 12145–12151.
Howell WM, Black DA, 1980. Controlled silver-staining of nucleolus organizer regions with a protective colloidal developer: a 1-step method. Experientia 36, 1014–1015.
Vidal BC, 1987. Métodos em Biologia Celular. Vidal BC, Mello MLS, eds. Biologia Celular. São Paulo, Brazil: Editora Atheneu, 5–34.
Soares AC, Carvalho-Tavares J, Gontijo NF, Santos VC, Teixeira MM, Pereira MH, 2006. Salivation pattern of Rhodnius prolixus (Reduviidae; Triatominae) in mouse skin. J Insect Physiol 52: 468–472.
Morielle-Souza A, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2008. Study of the nucleolar cycle and ribosomal RNA distribution during meiosis in triatomines (Triatominae, Heteroptera). Micron 39: 1020–1026.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2014. Is there post-meiotic transcriptional activity during hemipteran spermiogenesis?. Invertebr Reprod Dev 58: 193–198.
Borgueti AO, Alevi KCC, Silistino-Souza R, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2015. Immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis of the chromatoid body during spermatogenesis of Triatoma platensis and T. rubrovaria (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Micron 74: 44–46.
Schmid M, Löser C, Schmidtke J, Engel W, 1982. Evolutionary conservation of a common pattern of activity of nucleolus organizer during spermatogenesis in vertebrates. Chromosoma 86: 149–178.
Paniagua R, Nistal M, Amat P, Rodriguez MC, 1986. Ultrastructural observations on nucleoli and related structures during human spermatogenesis. Anat Embryol 174: 301–306.
Peruquetti RL, Assis IM, Taboga SR, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2008. Meiotic nucleolar cycle and chromatoid body formation during the rat (Rattus novergicus) and mouse (Mus musculus) spermiogenesis. Micron 39: 419–425.
Kotaja N, Sassone-Corsi P, 2007. The chromatoid body: a germ-cell-specific RNA-processing centre. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8: 85–90.
Braun RE, 1998. Post-transcriptional control of gene expression during spermatogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 9: 483–489.
Kotaja N, Bhattacharyya SN, Jaskiewicz L, Kimmins S, Parvinen M, Filipowicz W, Sassone-Corsi P, 2006. The chromatoid body of male germ cells: similarity with processing bodies and presence of Dicer and microRNA pathway components. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 2647–2652.
Meikar O et al. 2014. An atlas of chromatoid body components. RNA 20: 483– 495.
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The subfamily Triatominae currently consists of 154 species, most of them being of great importance for public health because they are considered potential vectors of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. In addition to their epidemiological importance, these insects are considered important biological models for cell studies because they have peculiar characteristics in their cells, for example, persistence of the nucleolus during spermatogenesis. This phenomenon is characterized by the presence of the nucleolus or nucleolar corpuscles during all phases of meiosis. To date, all knowledge is restricted to the study of the presence/absence of the nucleolus during the triatomine meiosis, so the present work aimed to analyze if this persistent nucleolar material has transcriptional activity. Analysis of the meiotic metaphases of Rhodnius montenegrensis and Panstrongylus megistus by using fluorochrome acridine orange made it possible to characterize the presence of RNA in the nucleolar material. Thus, it was demonstrated, for the first time, that the persistent nucleolar material during triatomine meiosis is transcriptionally active, supporting the hypothesis of the relationship between nucleolar persistence during meiosis of these insects and the formation of the chromoid body, an organelle responsible for the support of all transcriptional activities during spermiogenesis.
Authors’ addresses: Fernanda Fernandez Madeira, Nayara Fernanda da Costa Castro, Patrícia Simone Leite Vilamaior, and Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil, E-mails: fernanda.bio56@hotmail.com, nayaracastro2011@gmail.com, patvila@ibilce.unesp.br, and mariatercilia2009@gmail.com. Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi and João Aristeu da Rosa, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Araraquara, Brazil, E-mails: kaiochaboli@hotmail.com and joaoaristeu@gmail.com.
Lent H, Wygodzinsky P, 1979. Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas’s disease. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 163: 123–520.
Oliveira J, Alevi KCC, 2017. Taxonomic status of Panstrongylus herreri Wygodzinsky, 1948 and the number of Chagas disease vectors. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 50, 434–435.
Dorn PL, Justi SA, Dale C, Stevens L, Galvão C, Lima-Cordón R, Monrot C, 2018. Description of Triatoma mopan sp. n. from a cave in Belize (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). ZooKeys 775: 69–95.
Oliveira J, Ayala JM, Justi SA, Rosa JA, Galvão C, 2018. Description of a new species of Nesotriatoma Usinger, 1944 from Cuba and revalidation of synonymy between Nesotriatoma bruneri (Usinger, 1944) and N. flavida (Neiva, 1911) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). J Vector Ecol 43: 148–157.
Poinar G, 2019. A primitive triatomine bug, Paleotriatoma metaxytaxa gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar. Cretaceous Res 93: 90–97.
Lima-Cordón RA, Monroy MC, Stevens L, Rodas A, Rodas GA, Dorn PL, Justi SA, 2019. Description of Triatoma huehuetenanguensis sp. n., a potential Chagas disease vector (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). ZooKeys 820: 51–70.
Noireau F, Diosque P, Jansen AM, 2009. Trypanosoma cruzi: adaptation to its vectors and its hosts. Vet Res 40: 26.
World Health Organization, 2019. Weekly Epidemiological Record. Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Available at: http://www.who.int/chagas/en/. Accessed January 25, 2019.
World Health Organization, 2018. Weekly Epidemiological Record. Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis). Available at: http://www.who.int/chagas/en/. Accessed August 08, 2018.
Ueshima N, 1966. Cytotaxonomy of the triatominae (Reduviidae: Hemiptera). Chromosoma 18: 97–122.
Tartarotti E, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 1999. Patterns of nucleolar activity during spermatogenesis of two triatomines, Panstrongylus megistus and P. Herreri. Caryol 52: 177–184.
Johnson L, Blanchard TL, Varner DD, Scrutchfield WL, 1997. Factors affecting spermatogenesis in the stallion. Theriogenology 48: 1199–1216.
Alevi KCC, Castro NFC, Lima ACC, Ravazi A, Morielle‐Souza A, Oliveira J, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2014. Nucleolar persistence during spermatogenesis of the genus Rhodnius (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Cell Biol Int 38: 977–980.
Gonzáez-García JM, Rufas JS, Antonio C, Suja JA, 1995. Nucleolar cycle and localization of NORs in early embryos of Parascaris univalens. Chromosoma 104: 287–297.
Castanhole MMU, Pereira LLV, Bicudo HEMC, Costa LA, Itoyama MM, 2008. Heteropicnotic chromatin and nucleolar activity in meiosis and spermiogenesis of Limnogonus aduncus (Heteroptera, Gerridae): a stained nucleolar organizing region that can serve as a model for studying chromosome behavior. Genet Mol Res 7: 1398–1407.
Pereira LLV, Alevi KCC, Moreira FFF, Barbosa JF, Silistino-Souza ER, Junior FS, Souza-Firmino TS, Banho CA, Itoyama MM, 2015. Study of nucleolar behavior during spermatogenesis in Martarega brasiliensis (Heteroptera, Notonectidae). Genet Mol Res 14: 8988–8994.
Madeira FF, Borsatto KC, Lima ACC, Ravazi A, de Oliveira J, da Rosa JA, de Azeredo-Oliveira MT, Alevi KC, 2016. Nucleolar persistence: peculiar characteristic of spermatogenesis of the vectors of Chagas disease (Hemiptera, triatominae). Am J Trop Med Hyg 95, 1118–1120.
Morielle A, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2004. Description of the nucleolar activity and karyotype in germinative cell lines of Rhodnius domesticus (Triatominae, Heteroptera). Caryol 57: 31–37.
Morielle A, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2007. Differential characterization of holocentric chromosomes in triatomines (Heteroptera, Triatominae) using different staining techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Genet Mol Res 6: 713–720.
Severi-Aguiar GDC, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2005. Cytogenetic study on three species of the genus Triatoma (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) with emphasis on nucleolar organizer regions. Caryol 58: 293–299.
Severi-Aguiar GDC, Lourenço LB, Bicudo HEMC, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2006. Meiosis aspects and nucleolar activity in Triatoma vitticeps (Triatominae, Heteroptera). Genetica 126: 141–151.
Bardella VB, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, Tartarotti E, 2008. Cytogenetic analysis in the spermatogenesis of Triatoma melanosoma (Reduviidae; Heteroptera). Genet Mol Res 7: 326–335.
Costa LC, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, Tartarotti E, 2008. Spermatogenesis and nucleolar activity in Triatoma klugi (Triatomine, Heteroptera). Genet Mol Biol 31, 438–444.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2013. Análise das possíveis Regiões Organizadoras Nucleolares e da atividade nucleolar em Triatoma melanocephala e T. lenti, importantes vetores da doença de Chagas. Rev Ciênc Farmac Básica Apl 34: 417–421.
Pereira NP, Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2015. Spermatogenesis and nucleolar behavior in Triatoma vandae and Triatoma williami (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Genet Mol Res 4: 12145–12151.
Howell WM, Black DA, 1980. Controlled silver-staining of nucleolus organizer regions with a protective colloidal developer: a 1-step method. Experientia 36, 1014–1015.
Vidal BC, 1987. Métodos em Biologia Celular. Vidal BC, Mello MLS, eds. Biologia Celular. São Paulo, Brazil: Editora Atheneu, 5–34.
Soares AC, Carvalho-Tavares J, Gontijo NF, Santos VC, Teixeira MM, Pereira MH, 2006. Salivation pattern of Rhodnius prolixus (Reduviidae; Triatominae) in mouse skin. J Insect Physiol 52: 468–472.
Morielle-Souza A, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2008. Study of the nucleolar cycle and ribosomal RNA distribution during meiosis in triatomines (Triatominae, Heteroptera). Micron 39: 1020–1026.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2014. Is there post-meiotic transcriptional activity during hemipteran spermiogenesis?. Invertebr Reprod Dev 58: 193–198.
Borgueti AO, Alevi KCC, Silistino-Souza R, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2015. Immunofluorescence and ultrastructural analysis of the chromatoid body during spermatogenesis of Triatoma platensis and T. rubrovaria (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Micron 74: 44–46.
Schmid M, Löser C, Schmidtke J, Engel W, 1982. Evolutionary conservation of a common pattern of activity of nucleolus organizer during spermatogenesis in vertebrates. Chromosoma 86: 149–178.
Paniagua R, Nistal M, Amat P, Rodriguez MC, 1986. Ultrastructural observations on nucleoli and related structures during human spermatogenesis. Anat Embryol 174: 301–306.
Peruquetti RL, Assis IM, Taboga SR, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2008. Meiotic nucleolar cycle and chromatoid body formation during the rat (Rattus novergicus) and mouse (Mus musculus) spermiogenesis. Micron 39: 419–425.
Kotaja N, Sassone-Corsi P, 2007. The chromatoid body: a germ-cell-specific RNA-processing centre. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8: 85–90.
Braun RE, 1998. Post-transcriptional control of gene expression during spermatogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 9: 483–489.
Kotaja N, Bhattacharyya SN, Jaskiewicz L, Kimmins S, Parvinen M, Filipowicz W, Sassone-Corsi P, 2006. The chromatoid body of male germ cells: similarity with processing bodies and presence of Dicer and microRNA pathway components. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 2647–2652.
Meikar O et al. 2014. An atlas of chromatoid body components. RNA 20: 483– 495.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 9 | 9 | 3 |
Full Text Views | 644 | 99 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 60 | 15 | 0 |