Kenneth DD, Kathryn EH, Janet AF, Caroline JL, Miriam E, Françoise P, Dorothy YM, Gerd P, Torsten S, Timothy PS, 2012. On the origin of Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer. BMC Genomics 13: 258.
Zingue D, Bouam A, Tian RBD, Drancourt M, 2018. Buruli ulcer, a prototype for ecosystem-related infection, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Clin Microbiol Rev 31: 41–17.
Sizaire V, Nackers F, Comte E, Portaels F, 2006. Mycobacterium ulcerans infection: control, diagnosis, and treatment. Lancet Infect Dis 6: 288–296.
Portaels F, Chemlal K, Elsen P, Johnson PD, Hayman JA, Hibble J, Kirkwood R, Meyers WM, 2001. Mycobacterium ulcerans in wild animals. Rev Sci Tech 20: 252–264.
Durnez L, Suykerbuyk P, Nicolas V, Barrière P, Verheyen E, Johnson CR, Leirs H, Portaels F, 2010. Terrestrial small mammals as reservoirs of Mycobacterium ulcerans in Benin. Appl Environ Microb 76: 4574–4577.
Portaels F et al. 2008. First cultivation and characterization of Mycobacterium ulcerans from the environment. PLoS Neglect Trop Dis 2: e178.
Zingue D, Panda A, Drancourt M, 2018. A protocol for culturing environmental strains of the Buruli ulcer agent, Mycobacterium ulcerans. Sci Rep 8: 6778.
Aboagye SY, Emelia D, Kobina AA, Zuliehatu N, Prince A, Isaac DO, Katharina R, Dzidzo YT, Dorothy YM, 2016. Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from the environment of Ghanian communities where Buruli ulcer is endemic. Appl Environ Microbiol 82: 4320–4329.
Palmer MV, Welsh MD, Hostetter JM, 2011. Mycobacterial diseases of animals. Vet Med Int 2011: 292469.
Djouaka R et al. 2018. Domestic animals infected with Mycobacterium ulcerans Implications for transmission to humans. PLoS Neglect Trop Dis 12: e0006572.
Mitchell PJ, Jerrett IV, Slee KJ, 1984. Skin ulcers caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans in koalas near Bairnsdale, Australia. Pathology 16: 256–260.
O’Brien CR et al. 2014. Clinical, microbiological and pathological findings of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in three Australian possum species. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2666.
Fyfe JA et al. 2010. A major role for mammals in the ecology of Mycobacterium ulcerans. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e791.
Tian RDB, Sébastian N, Tissot-Dupont H, Drancourt M, 2016. Detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans DNA in the environment, ivory coast. PLoS One 11: e0151567.
Dassi C, Mosi L, Akpatou B, Narh CA, Quaye C, Konan DO, Djaman JA, Bonfoh B, 2015. Detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in Mastomys natalensis and potential transmission in Buruli ulcer endemic areas in Côte d’Ivoire. Mycobact Dis 5: 184.
Child MF, 2016. Thryonomys swinderianus (errata version published in 2017). Cambridge, UK: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016, e.T21847A115163896.
Fyfe JA, Lavender CJ, Johnson PDR, Globan M, Sievers A, Azuolas J, Stinear TP, 2007. Development and application of two multiplex real-time PCR assays for the detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in clinical and environmental samples. Appl Environ Microb 73: 4733–4740.
Maman I et al. 2018. Molecular detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in the environment and its relationship with Buruli ulcer occurrence in Zio and Yoto districts of maritime region in Togo. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006455.
Addo P, Adu-Addai B, Quartey M, Abbas M, Okang I, Owusu E, Ofori- Adjei D, Awumbila B, 2006. Clinical and histopathological presentation of Buruli ulcer in experimentally infected grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus). Int J Trop Med 3: e2.
Asiedu K, Sherpbier R, Raviglione M, 2000. Buruli ulcer. Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/66164/1/WHO_CDS_CPE _GBUI_2000.1.pdf. Accessed January 31, 2019.
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Buruli ulcer is an infectious disease provoking chronic, disabling skin ulcers in mammals and humans. Buruli ulcer is caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, an environmental mycobacterium synthesizing a toxin called mycolactone responsible for the pathogenicity. The reservoirs and the modes of transmission of M. ulcerans remain elusive, limiting the prophylaxis capabilities in rural areas in endemic countries. In Australia, several studies have demonstrated the probable role of possums as reservoirs. In Côte d’Ivoire, some studies have speculated on the potential role of grasscutters in the transmission cycle of M. ulcerans. In this study, we detected M. ulcerans–specific sequences in rectal contents and spleens collected in wild grasscutters hunted in Buruli ulcer–endemic area in Côte d’Ivoire, but not in farmed negative control animals and in domesticated animals, namely, pigs, goats, cattle, and dogs, living in close contact with the local population. Some grasscutters exhibited the same sequence pattern in the feces and spleen. These observations confirm the asymptomatic gut carriage of M. ulcerans in this mammal species. Moreover, these observations suggest the dissemination of M. ulcerans from the gut to the spleen in grasscutters. These observations suggest that, in some mammals, M. ulcerans is not only an inoculated pathogen but also a translocating invasive pathogen.
Authors’ addresses: Nassim Hammoudi, Sofiane Regoui, Bernard Davoust, Michel Drancourt, and Amar Bouam, Aix-Marseille-Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France, E-mails: nassimveto15@live.fr, regoui.sofiane@gmail.com, bernard.davoust@gmail.com, michel.drancourt@univ-amu.fr, and amarbouam@yahoo.fr. Agui Sylvestre Dizoe, Kongouanou Care Center, National Buruli Ulcer Control Plan, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, E-mail: drdizoe@yahoo.fr.
Kenneth DD, Kathryn EH, Janet AF, Caroline JL, Miriam E, Françoise P, Dorothy YM, Gerd P, Torsten S, Timothy PS, 2012. On the origin of Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer. BMC Genomics 13: 258.
Zingue D, Bouam A, Tian RBD, Drancourt M, 2018. Buruli ulcer, a prototype for ecosystem-related infection, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Clin Microbiol Rev 31: 41–17.
Sizaire V, Nackers F, Comte E, Portaels F, 2006. Mycobacterium ulcerans infection: control, diagnosis, and treatment. Lancet Infect Dis 6: 288–296.
Portaels F, Chemlal K, Elsen P, Johnson PD, Hayman JA, Hibble J, Kirkwood R, Meyers WM, 2001. Mycobacterium ulcerans in wild animals. Rev Sci Tech 20: 252–264.
Durnez L, Suykerbuyk P, Nicolas V, Barrière P, Verheyen E, Johnson CR, Leirs H, Portaels F, 2010. Terrestrial small mammals as reservoirs of Mycobacterium ulcerans in Benin. Appl Environ Microb 76: 4574–4577.
Portaels F et al. 2008. First cultivation and characterization of Mycobacterium ulcerans from the environment. PLoS Neglect Trop Dis 2: e178.
Zingue D, Panda A, Drancourt M, 2018. A protocol for culturing environmental strains of the Buruli ulcer agent, Mycobacterium ulcerans. Sci Rep 8: 6778.
Aboagye SY, Emelia D, Kobina AA, Zuliehatu N, Prince A, Isaac DO, Katharina R, Dzidzo YT, Dorothy YM, 2016. Isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria from the environment of Ghanian communities where Buruli ulcer is endemic. Appl Environ Microbiol 82: 4320–4329.
Palmer MV, Welsh MD, Hostetter JM, 2011. Mycobacterial diseases of animals. Vet Med Int 2011: 292469.
Djouaka R et al. 2018. Domestic animals infected with Mycobacterium ulcerans Implications for transmission to humans. PLoS Neglect Trop Dis 12: e0006572.
Mitchell PJ, Jerrett IV, Slee KJ, 1984. Skin ulcers caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans in koalas near Bairnsdale, Australia. Pathology 16: 256–260.
O’Brien CR et al. 2014. Clinical, microbiological and pathological findings of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection in three Australian possum species. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2666.
Fyfe JA et al. 2010. A major role for mammals in the ecology of Mycobacterium ulcerans. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e791.
Tian RDB, Sébastian N, Tissot-Dupont H, Drancourt M, 2016. Detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans DNA in the environment, ivory coast. PLoS One 11: e0151567.
Dassi C, Mosi L, Akpatou B, Narh CA, Quaye C, Konan DO, Djaman JA, Bonfoh B, 2015. Detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in Mastomys natalensis and potential transmission in Buruli ulcer endemic areas in Côte d’Ivoire. Mycobact Dis 5: 184.
Child MF, 2016. Thryonomys swinderianus (errata version published in 2017). Cambridge, UK: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016, e.T21847A115163896.
Fyfe JA, Lavender CJ, Johnson PDR, Globan M, Sievers A, Azuolas J, Stinear TP, 2007. Development and application of two multiplex real-time PCR assays for the detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in clinical and environmental samples. Appl Environ Microb 73: 4733–4740.
Maman I et al. 2018. Molecular detection of Mycobacterium ulcerans in the environment and its relationship with Buruli ulcer occurrence in Zio and Yoto districts of maritime region in Togo. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006455.
Addo P, Adu-Addai B, Quartey M, Abbas M, Okang I, Owusu E, Ofori- Adjei D, Awumbila B, 2006. Clinical and histopathological presentation of Buruli ulcer in experimentally infected grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus). Int J Trop Med 3: e2.
Asiedu K, Sherpbier R, Raviglione M, 2000. Buruli ulcer. Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/66164/1/WHO_CDS_CPE _GBUI_2000.1.pdf. Accessed January 31, 2019.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 645 | 518 | 20 |
Full Text Views | 668 | 12 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 271 | 13 | 1 |