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1.
Mackenzie JS, Williams DT, 2009. The zoonotic flaviviruses of southern, south-eastern and eastern Asia, and Australasia: the potential for emergent viruses. Zoonoses Public Health 56: 338–356.
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2.
van den Hurk AF, Ritchie SA, Mackenzie JS, 2009. Ecology and geographical expansion of Japanese encephalitis virus. Annu Rev Entomol 54: 17–35.
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3.
WHO, 2015. Japanese encephalitis vaccines: WHO position paper – February 2015. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 90: 69–87.
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4.
Zlatkovic J, Stiasny K, Heinz FX, 2011. Immunodominance and functional activities of antibody responses to inactivated West Nile virus and recombinant subunit vaccines in mice. J Virol 85: 1994–2003.
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5.
Calvert AE, Huang CY, Kinney RM, Roehrig JT, 2006. Non-structural proteins of dengue 2 virus offer limited protection to interferon-deficient mice after dengue 2 virus challenge. J Gen Virol 87: 339–346.
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6.
Simmons M, Nelson WM, Wu SJ, Hayes CG, 1998. Evaluation of the protective efficacy of a recombinant dengue envelope B domain fusion protein against dengue 2 virus infection in mice. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58: 655–662.
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7.
Kohler G, Milstein C, 1975. Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256: 495–497.
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8.
Huang CY, Silengo SJ, Whiteman MC, Kinney RM, 2005. Chimeric dengue 2 PDK-53/West Nile NY99 viruses retain the phenotypic attenuation markers of the candidate PDK-53 vaccine virus and protect mice against lethal challenge with West Nile virus. J Virol 79: 7300–7310.
-
9.
Mason PW, Dalrymple JM, Gentry MK, McCown JM, Hoke CH, Burke DS, Fournier MJ, Mason TL, 1989. Molecular characterization of a neutralizing domain of the Japanese encephalitis virus structural glycoprotein. J Gen Virol 70: 2037–2049.
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10.
Kinney RM, Chang GJ, Tsuchiya KR, Sneider JM, Roehrig JT, Woodward TM, Trent DW, 1993. Attenuation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus strain TC-83 is encoded by the 5′-noncoding region and the E2 envelope glycoprotein. J Virol 67: 1269–1277.
-
11.
Calvert AE, Dixon KL, Delorey MJ, Blair CD, Roehrig JT, 2014. Development of a small animal peripheral challenge model of Japanese encephalitis virus using interferon deficient AG129 mice and the SA14-14-2 vaccine virus strain. Vaccine 32: 258–264.
-
12.
Fernandez E et al. 2018. Mouse and human monoclonal antibodies protect against infection by multiple genotypes of Japanese encephalitis virus. MBio 9: e00008–e00018.
-
13.
Oliphant T et al. 2005. Development of a humanized monoclonal antibody with therapeutic potential against West Nile virus. Nat Med 11: 522–530.
-
14.
Roehrig JT et al. 2013. Mutation of the dengue virus type 2 envelope protein heparan sulfate binding sites or the domain III lateral ridge blocks replication in Vero cells prior to membrane fusion. Virology 441: 114–125.
-
15.
Brien JD, Austin SK, Sukupolvi-Petty S, O’Brien KM, Johnson S, Fremont DH, Diamond MS, 2010. Genotype-specific neutralization and protection by antibodies against dengue virus type 3. J Virol 84: 10630–10643.
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16.
Nybakken GE, Oliphant T, Johnson S, Burke S, Diamond MS, Fremont DH, 2005. Structural basis of West Nile virus neutralization by a therapeutic antibody. Nature 437: 764–769.
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17.
Sanchez MD, Pierson TC, McAllister D, Hanna SL, Puffer BA, Valentine LE, Murtadha MM, Hoxie JA, Doms RW, 2005. Characterization of neutralizing antibodies to West Nile virus. Virology 336: 70–82.
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18.
Cecilia D, Gould EA, 1991. Nucleotide changes responsible for loss of neuroinvasiveness in Japanese encephalitis virus neutralization-resistant mutants. Virology 181: 70–77.
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| Abstract Views | 618 | 543 | 34 |
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A Monoclonal Antibody Specific for Japanese Encephalitis Virus with High Neutralizing Capability for Inclusion as a Positive Control in Diagnostic Neutralization Tests
Amanda E. Calvert
Amanda E. Calvert
Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado;
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Susan L. Bennett
Susan L. Bennett
Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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Kandice L. Dixon
Kandice L. Dixon
Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado;
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Carol D. Blair
Carol D. Blair
Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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John T. Roehrig
John T. Roehrig
Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado;
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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in Asia, and it is increasingly a global public health concern because of its recent geographic expansion. Although commercial vaccines are available and used in some endemic countries, JEV continues to cause illness, with more than 60,000 cases reported annually. To develop a reproducible positive control antibody useable in diagnosis of JEV infections, murine hybridomas were developed from mice inoculated with a combination of IXIARO JEV vaccine and JEV domain III of the envelope protein (E-DIII). Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were characterized for their ability to neutralize virus in vitro. Monoclonal antibody 17BD3-2 was found to be JEV specific and highly neutralizing, with a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT)90 endpoint titer of 1.25 μg/mL. The functional epitopes were mapped using virus neutralization escape variants to amino acid residues S309, K312, and G333 in E-DIII. This MAb may be substituted for human immune sera used as a positive control in PRNT for distribution to public health laboratories worldwide in potential future outbreaks of JEV.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was partly funded by NIH/NIAID grant U54AI-065357 to the Rocky Mountain Regional Center of Excellence in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research.
Authors’ addresses: Amanda E. Calvert, Kandice L. Dixon, and John T. Roehrig, Arboviral Diseases Branch, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, E-mails: zpz0@cdc.gov, kandicedixon33@gmail.com, and jtr1@cdc.gov. Susan L. Bennett and Carol D. Blair, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, E-mails: susi.bennett@colostate.edu and carol.blair@colostate.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Mackenzie JS, Williams DT, 2009. The zoonotic flaviviruses of southern, south-eastern and eastern Asia, and Australasia: the potential for emergent viruses. Zoonoses Public Health 56: 338–356.
-
2.
van den Hurk AF, Ritchie SA, Mackenzie JS, 2009. Ecology and geographical expansion of Japanese encephalitis virus. Annu Rev Entomol 54: 17–35.
-
3.
WHO, 2015. Japanese encephalitis vaccines: WHO position paper – February 2015. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 90: 69–87.
-
4.
Zlatkovic J, Stiasny K, Heinz FX, 2011. Immunodominance and functional activities of antibody responses to inactivated West Nile virus and recombinant subunit vaccines in mice. J Virol 85: 1994–2003.
-
5.
Calvert AE, Huang CY, Kinney RM, Roehrig JT, 2006. Non-structural proteins of dengue 2 virus offer limited protection to interferon-deficient mice after dengue 2 virus challenge. J Gen Virol 87: 339–346.
-
6.
Simmons M, Nelson WM, Wu SJ, Hayes CG, 1998. Evaluation of the protective efficacy of a recombinant dengue envelope B domain fusion protein against dengue 2 virus infection in mice. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58: 655–662.
-
7.
Kohler G, Milstein C, 1975. Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256: 495–497.
-
8.
Huang CY, Silengo SJ, Whiteman MC, Kinney RM, 2005. Chimeric dengue 2 PDK-53/West Nile NY99 viruses retain the phenotypic attenuation markers of the candidate PDK-53 vaccine virus and protect mice against lethal challenge with West Nile virus. J Virol 79: 7300–7310.
-
9.
Mason PW, Dalrymple JM, Gentry MK, McCown JM, Hoke CH, Burke DS, Fournier MJ, Mason TL, 1989. Molecular characterization of a neutralizing domain of the Japanese encephalitis virus structural glycoprotein. J Gen Virol 70: 2037–2049.
-
10.
Kinney RM, Chang GJ, Tsuchiya KR, Sneider JM, Roehrig JT, Woodward TM, Trent DW, 1993. Attenuation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus strain TC-83 is encoded by the 5′-noncoding region and the E2 envelope glycoprotein. J Virol 67: 1269–1277.
-
11.
Calvert AE, Dixon KL, Delorey MJ, Blair CD, Roehrig JT, 2014. Development of a small animal peripheral challenge model of Japanese encephalitis virus using interferon deficient AG129 mice and the SA14-14-2 vaccine virus strain. Vaccine 32: 258–264.
-
12.
Fernandez E et al. 2018. Mouse and human monoclonal antibodies protect against infection by multiple genotypes of Japanese encephalitis virus. MBio 9: e00008–e00018.
-
13.
Oliphant T et al. 2005. Development of a humanized monoclonal antibody with therapeutic potential against West Nile virus. Nat Med 11: 522–530.
-
14.
Roehrig JT et al. 2013. Mutation of the dengue virus type 2 envelope protein heparan sulfate binding sites or the domain III lateral ridge blocks replication in Vero cells prior to membrane fusion. Virology 441: 114–125.
-
15.
Brien JD, Austin SK, Sukupolvi-Petty S, O’Brien KM, Johnson S, Fremont DH, Diamond MS, 2010. Genotype-specific neutralization and protection by antibodies against dengue virus type 3. J Virol 84: 10630–10643.
-
16.
Nybakken GE, Oliphant T, Johnson S, Burke S, Diamond MS, Fremont DH, 2005. Structural basis of West Nile virus neutralization by a therapeutic antibody. Nature 437: 764–769.
-
17.
Sanchez MD, Pierson TC, McAllister D, Hanna SL, Puffer BA, Valentine LE, Murtadha MM, Hoxie JA, Doms RW, 2005. Characterization of neutralizing antibodies to West Nile virus. Virology 336: 70–82.
-
18.
Cecilia D, Gould EA, 1991. Nucleotide changes responsible for loss of neuroinvasiveness in Japanese encephalitis virus neutralization-resistant mutants. Virology 181: 70–77.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 618 | 543 | 34 |
| Full Text Views | 717 | 17 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 207 | 14 | 1 |