• 1.

    Johnson G, Ayers M, McClure SC, Richardson SE, Tellier R, 2003. Detection and identification of Bartonella species pathogenic for humans by PCR amplification targeting the riboflavin synthase gene (ribC). J Clin Microbiol 41: 10691072.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 2.

    Arvand M, Raoult D, Feil EJ, 2010. Multi-locus sequence typing of a geographically and temporally diverse sample of the highly clonal human pathogen Bartonella quintana. PLoS One 5: e9765.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 3.

    Fournier PE et al. 2001. Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae endocarditis: a study of 48 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 80: 245251.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 4.

    Raoult D, Fournier PE, Drancourt M, Marrie TJ, Etienne J, Cosserat J, Cacoub P, Poinsignon Y, Leclercq P, Sefton AM, 1996. Diagnosis of 22 new cases of Bartonella endocarditis. Ann Intern Med 125: 646652.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 5.

    Keynan Y, MacKenzie L, Lagacé-Wiens P, 2016. Quintessential culture-negative endocarditis. Can J Cardiol 32: 395.e9395.e10.

  • 6.

    Brouqui P, Lascola B, Roux V, Raoult D, 1999. Chronic Bartonella quintana bacteremia in homeless patients. N Engl J Med 340: 184189.

  • 7.

    Leibler JH, Zakhour CM, Gadhoke P, Gaeta JM, 2016. Zoonotic and vector-borne infections among urban homeless and marginalized people in the United States and Europe, 1990–2014. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 16: 435444.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 8.

    Sasaki T, Poudel SK, Isawa H, Hayashi T, Seki N, Tomita T, Sawabe K, Kobayashi M, 2006. First molecular evidence of Bartonella quintana in Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae), collected from Nepalese children. J Med Entomol 43: 110112.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 9.

    Venning JA, 1919. The etiology of disordered action of the heart: a report on 7,803 cases. Br Med J 2: 337339.

  • 10.

    Anstead GM, 2016. The centenary of the discovery of trench fever, an emerging infectious disease of World War 1. Lancet Infect Dis 16: e164e172.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 11.

    Strong RP, Swift HF, Opie EL, MacNeal WJ, Baetjer W, Pappenheimer AM; Trench Fever Commission of Medical Research Committee, American Red Cross, 1918. Report on progress of trench fever investigations. J Am Med Assoc 70: 15971599.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 12.

    Koehler JE, Quinn FD, Berger TG, LeBoit PE, Tappero JW, 1992. Isolation of Rochalimaea species from cutaneous and osseous lesions of bacillary angiomatosis. N Engl J Med 327: 16251631.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 13.

    Relman DA, Loutit JS, Schmidt TM, Falkow S, Tompkins LS, 1990. The agent of bacillary angiomatosis. An approach to the identification of uncultured pathogens. N Engl J Med 323: 15731580.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 14.

    Koehler JE, Sanchez MA, Garrido CS, Whitfeld MJ, Chen FM, Berger TG, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, LeBoit PE, Tappero JW, 1997. Molecular epidemiology of Bartonella infections in patients with bacillary angiomatosis-peliosis. N Engl J Med 337: 18761883.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 15.

    Rolain JM, Foucault C, Guieu R, La Scola B, Brouqui P, Raoult D, 2002. Bartonella quintana in human erythrocytes. Lancet 360: 226228.

  • 16.

    Raoult D, Foucault C, Brouqui P, 2001. Infections in the homeless. Lancet Infect Dis 1: 7784.

  • 17.

    Foucault C, Barrau K, Brouqui P, Raoult D, 2002. Bartonella quintana bacteremia among homeless people. Clin Infect Dis 35: 684689.

  • 18.

    Fournier PE et al. 2010. Comprehensive diagnostic strategy for blood culture-negative endocarditis: a prospective study of 819 new cases. Clin Infect Dis 51: 131140.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 19.

    Lamas CC, Eykyn SJ, 2003. Blood culture negative endocarditis: analysis of 63 cases presenting over 25 years. Heart 89: 258262.

  • 20.

    Edouard S, Nabet C, Lepidi H, Fournier PE, Raoult D, 2015. Bartonella, a common cause of endocarditis: a report on 106 cases and review. J Clin Microbiol 53: 824829.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 21.

    Houpikian P, Raoult D, 2005. Blood culture-negative endocarditis in a reference center: etiologic diagnosis of 348 cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 84: 162173.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 22.

    Caponetti GC, Pantanowitz L, Marconi S, Havens JM, Lamps LW, Otis CN, 2009. Evaluation of immunohistochemistry in identifying Bartonella henselae in cat-scratch disease. Am J Clin Pathol 131: 250256.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 23.

    Bosshard PP, Kronenberg A, Zbinden R, Ruef C, Böttger EC, Altwegg M, 2003. Etiologic diagnosis of infective endocarditis by broad-range polymerase chain reaction: a 3-year experience. Clin Infect Dis 37: 167172.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 24.

    Rolain JM, Brouqui P, Koehler JE, Maguina C, Dolan MJ, Raoult D, 2004. Recommendations for treatment of human infections caused by Bartonella species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48: 19211933.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 25.

    Koehler JE, Tappero JW, 1993. Bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 17: 612624.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 26.

    Maurin M, Gasquet S, Ducco C, Raoult D, 1995. MICs of 28 antibiotic compounds for 14 Bartonella (formerly Rochalimaea) isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 39: 23872391.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 27.

    Foucault C, Raoult D, Brouqui P, 2003. Randomized open trial of gentamicin and doxycycline for eradication of Bartonella quintana from blood in patients with chronic bacteremia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47: 22042207.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 28.

    Raoult D, Fournier PE, Vandenesch F, Mainardi JL, Eykyn SJ, Nash J, James E, Benoit-Lemercier C, Marrie TJ, 2003. Outcome and treatment of Bartonella endocarditis. Arch Intern Med 163: 226230.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 29.

    Baddour LM et al. Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Councils on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, American Heart Association; Infectious Diseases Society, 2005. Infective endocarditis: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Councils on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, American Heart Association: endorsed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Circulation 111: e394e434.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 30.

    Foucault C, Brouqui P, Raoult D, 2006. Bartonella quintana characteristics and clinical management. Emerg Infect Dis 12: 217223.

  • 31.

    Raoult D, Roux V, 1999. The body louse as a vector of reemerging human diseases. Clin Infect Dis 29: 888911.

  • 32.

    Badiaga S, Raoult D, Brouqui P, 2008. Preventing and controlling emerging and reemerging transmissible diseases in the homeless. Emerg Infect Dis 14: 13531359.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 33.

    Spach DH, Callis KP, Paauw DS, Houze YB, Schoenknecht FD, Welch DF, Rosen H, Brenner DJ, 1993. Endocarditis caused by Rochalimaea quintana in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. J Clin Microbiol 31: 692694.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 34.

    Spach DH, Kanter AS, Daniels NA, Nowowiejski DJ, Larson AM, Schmidt RA, Swaminathan B, Brenner DJ, 1995. Bartonella (Rochalimaea) species as a cause of apparent “culture-negative” endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 20: 10441047.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 35.

    Jacoby GA, Mhorag Hay C, 1997. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 2-1997. A 38-year-old man with digital clubbing, low-grade fever, and a murmur. N Engl J Med 336: 205210.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 36.

    Patel R, Newell JO, Procop GW, Persing DH, 1999. Use of polymerase chain reaction for citrate synthase gene to diagnose Bartonella quintana endocarditis. Am J Clin Pathol 112: 3640.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 37.

    Rahimian J, Raoult D, Tang YW, Hanna BA, 2006. Bartonella quintana endocarditis with positive serology for Coxiella burnetii. J Infect 53: e151e153.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 38.

    Raybould JE, Raybould AL, Morales MK, Zaheer M, Lipkowitz MS, Timpone JG, Kumar PN, 2016. Bartonella endocarditis and pauci-immune glomerulonephritis: a case report and review of the literature. Infect Dis Clin Pract (Baltim Md) 24: 254260.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 39.

    Ghidey FY, Igbinosa O, Mills K, Lai L, Woods C, Ruiz ME, Fishbein D, Sampath R, Lowery R, Wortmann G, 2016. Case series of Bartonella quintana blood culture-negative endocarditis in Washington, DC. JMM Case Rep 3: e005049.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 40.

    Babiker A, El Hag MI, Perez C, 2018. Bartonella infectious endocarditis associated with cryoglobulinemia and multifocal proliferative glomerulonephritis. Open Forum Infect Dis 5: ofy186.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
Past two years Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 12 12 12
Full Text Views 1034 242 9
PDF Downloads 322 98 7
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Case Report: Bartonella quintana Endocarditis Outside of the Europe–African Gradient: Comprehensive Review of Cases within North America

John C. LamDepartment of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;

Search for other papers by John C. Lam in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kevin FonsecaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;
Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Canada

Search for other papers by Kevin Fonseca in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kanti PabbarajuProvincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Canada

Search for other papers by Kanti Pabbaraju in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Bonnie L. MeatherallDepartment of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;

Search for other papers by Bonnie L. Meatherall in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
View More View Less
Restricted access

Clinical syndromes associated with Bartonella quintana infection can be insidious and difficult to diagnose for multiple reasons. Clinically, B. quintana can manifest as asymptomatic bacteremia or with subtle subacute constitutional symptoms. Second, it is a fastidious organism that is difficult to identify using traditional culture methods. Last, the body lice vector of B. quintana transmission is likely not uncommon in most patients affected, who are homeless and of low socioeconomic status. Therefore, barriers in seeking medical care and financial constraints for medications are important considerations. The mainstay of literature surrounding B. quintana endocarditis is from Europe and the developing nations. Herein, we describe a case of native valve endocarditis secondary to B. quintana in a homeless male with preexisting valvular disease and undertake a comprehensive literature review of documented B. quintana endocarditis in North America.

Author Notes

Address correspondence to John C. Lam, Department of Medicine, Foothills Medical Center, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada. E-mail: john.c.lam@ucalgary.ca

Authors’ addresses: John C. Lam and Bonnie L. Meatherall, Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, Calgary, Canada, E-mails: john.c.lam@ucalgary.ca and blmeathe@ucalgary.ca. Kevin Fonseca, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Canada, E-mail: kevin.fonseca@albertahealthservices.ca. Kanti Pabbaraju, Provincial Laboratory for Public Health, Calgary, Canada, E-mail: kanti.pabbaraju2@albertahealthservices.ca.

Save