- INTRODUCTION
- METHODS
- RESULTS
- General characteristics of participants.
- Knowledge about ZIKAV infection.
- Sources of information about ZIKAV infection.
- Attitude and practice of participants toward ZIKAV and its prevention measures.
- Determinants of population adherence to ZIKAV prevention measures.
- Multivariate linear regression model for the factors associated with high knowledge score.
- DISCUSSION
- Supplementary Files
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Acosta-Ampudia Y, Monsalve DM, Castillo-Medina LF, Rodríguez Y, Pacheco Y, Halstead S, Willison HJ, Anaya JM, Ramírez-Santana C, 2018. Autoimmune neurological conditions associated with Zika virus infection. Front Mol Neurosci 11: 116.
-
2.
Haby MM, Pinart M, Elias V, Reveiz L, 2018. Prevalence of asymptomatic Zika virus infection: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ 96: 402–413.
-
3.
Atif M, Azeem M, Sarwar MR, Bashir A, 2016. Zika virus disease: a current review of the literature. Infection 44: 695–705.
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4.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2018. Zika Virus. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/zika/healtheffects/index.html. Accessed August 5, 2018.
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5.
Silva GS, Richards GA, Baker T, Hidalgo J, Jiménez JIS, Amin P; Council of the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine, 2018. Zika virus: report from the task force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine. J Crit Care 46: 106–109.
-
6.
Musso D, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Levi JE, Cao-Lormeau VM, Gubler DJ, 2018. Unexpected outbreaks of arbovirus infections: lessons learned from the Pacific and tropical America. Lancet Infect Dis 18: e355–e361.
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7.
Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC), 2018. World Map of Areas with Zika Risk. Available at: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/world-map-areas-with-zika. Accessed June 25, 2018.
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8.
Ducheyne E et al. 2018. Current and future distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in WHO eastern Mediterranean region. Int J Health Geogr 17: 4.
-
9.
Kanani K, Amr Z, Katbeh-Bader A, Arbaji M, 2017. First record of Aedes albopictus in Jordan. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 33: 134–135.
-
10.
Tridane A, El Khajah A, Ali BR, 2016. The possible threat of Zika virus in the Middle East. Travel Med Infect Dis 14: 277–278.
-
11.
The World Bank, 2012. International Migrant Stock, Total. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.TOTL?locations=JO. Accessed July 5, 2018.
-
12.
Labour Market Profile, 2016. Danish Trade Union Council for International Development and Cooperation Website. Available at: http://www.ulandssekretariatet.dk/sites/default/files/uploads/public/PDF/LMP/lmp_malawi_2016_final_version1. Accessed August 5, 2018.
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13.
Sweileh WM, 2018. Global research output in the health of international Arab migrants (1988–2017). BMC Public Health 18: 755.
-
14.
Nimer NA, 2018. Review on emerging and reemerging of infectious diseases in Jordan: the after math of the Syrian crises. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2018: 8679174.
-
15.
Connor P, 2016. Middle East’s Migrant Population More than Doubles Since 2005, Pew Research Center Website. Available at: http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/18092506/Middle-east-migrants_FINAL_PM. Accessed August 2, 2018.
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16.
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), 2016. Guidelines for Surveillance of Zika Virus Disease and its Complications. Available at: http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/28405. Accessed August 2, 2018.
-
17.
Samuel G et al. 2018. A survey of the knowledge, attitudes and practices on Zika virus in New York City. BMC Public Health 18: 98.
-
18.
Mouchtouri VA, Papagiannis D, Katsioulis A, Rachiotis G, Dafopoulos K, Hadjichristodoulou C, 2017. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about the prevention mosquito bites and Zika virus disease in pregnant women in Greece. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14: pii: E367.
-
19.
Huang Y et al. 2017. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Zika: paper- and internet-based surveyin Zhejiang, China. JMIR Public Health Surveill 3: e81.
-
20.
Howells ME, Lynn CD, Weaver LJ, Langford-Sesepesara M, Tufa J, 2018. Zika virus in American Samoa: challenges to prevention in the context of health disparities and non-communicable disease. Ann Hum Biol 45: 229–238.
-
21.
Cheema S, Maisonneuve P, Weber I, Fernandez-Luque L, Abraham A, Alrouh H, Sheikh J, Lowenfels AB, Mamtani R, 2017. Knowledge and perceptions about Zika virus in a Middle East country. BMC Infect Dis 17: 524.
-
22.
Abu-Rish EY, Elayeh ER, Mousa LA, Butanji YK, Albsoul-Younes AM, 2016. Knowledge, awareness and practices towards seasonal influenza and its vaccine: implications for future vaccination campaigns in Jordan. Fam Pract 33: 690–697.
-
23.
Meltzer E et al. 2016. Zika virus disease in traveler returning from Vietnam to Israel. Emerg Infect Dis 22: 1521–1522.
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World Health Organization (WHO), 2017. Zika Virus Situation Reports. Available at: http://www.who.int/emergencies/zika-virus/situation-report/en/. 2017. Accessed August 3, 2018.
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25.
Al Rifai R, Nakamura K, Seino K, Kizuki M, Morita A, 2015. Unsafe sexual behavior in domestic and foreign migrant male workers in multinational workplaces in Jordan: occupational-based and behavioural assessment survey. BMJ Open 5: e007703.
-
26.
Hamer DH et al. GeoSentinel Surveillance Network, 2017 Travel-associated Zika virus disease acquired in the Americas through February 2016: a GeoSentinel analysis. Ann Intern Med 166: 99–108.
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27.
Jia H et al. 2018. Zika virus infection in travelers returning from countries with local transmission, Guangdong, China, 2016. Travel Med Infect Dis 21: 56–61.
-
28.
World Health Organization (WHO), 2009. Principles of Infectious Disease Transmission Short Course on Infectious Diseases in Humanitarian Emergencies. Available at: http://www.who.int/diseasecontrol_emergencies/publications/idhe_2009_london_inf_dis_transmission.pdf. Accessed August 5, 2018.
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29.
Brissett DI, Tuholske C, Allen IE, Larios NS, Mendoza DJ, Murillo AG, Bloch EM, 2018. Zika virus: knowledge assessment of residents and health-care providers in Roatán, Honduras, following an outbreak. Am J Trop Med Hyg 99: 211–215.
-
30.
Berenson AB, Trinh HN, Hirth JM, Guo F, Fuchs EL, Weaver SC, 2017. Knowledge and prevention practices among U.S. pregnant immigrants from Zika virus outbreak areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 97: 155–162.
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31.
Leder K et al. 2017. Zika beyond the Americas: travelers as sentinels of Zika virus transmission. A GeoSentinel analysis, 2012 to 2016. PLoS One 12: e0185689.
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32.
McCulloch K, 2017. Creation of an emerging infectious disease response team. Am J Infect Control 45: S148.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 251 | 136 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 455 | 8 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 92 | 9 | 0 |
The Role of the Middle East in ZIKA Virus Circulation: Implications of a Cross-Sectional Study in Jordan
Eman Y. Abu-rish
Eman Y. Abu-rish
Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Eman R. Elayeh
Eman R. Elayeh
Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Abla M. Albsoul-Younes
Abla M. Albsoul-Younes
Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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ZIKA virus (ZIKAV) outbreak in Latin America was associated with international concerns of ZIKAV circulation. The lack of vaccine and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs against this virus rendered prevention as the single most effective method to control its spread. Hence, this study aimed to assess Jordanian population knowledge, attitude, and practices toward ZIKAV and its prevention. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to adults in Amman, Jordan. The overall knowledge of participants was poor (mean knowledge score of 13.7/32). Between 75% and 86% of the respondents did not know the highest risk group of ZIKAV infection, its complications, and the major routes of transmission. About 40% of the population did not know that ZIKAV is sexually transmitted. Only 40% of the population believed that prevention measures are effective. Female gender, working in the medical field, having children, and the source of medical information were associated with significantly higher level of knowledge (R2 = 0.143, P-value < 0.0001). Being pregnant, however, was not associated with a significantly high knowledge score. Physician recommendations and government’s role were the most important predictors of practices toward ZIKAV prevention. Of the 14 returnees from outbreak areas, only six were tested for ZIKAV on coming back and only three continued the use of prevention measures for a sufficient time. Therefore, formulation of a national health policy, preparedness plans against any potential transmission, and organization of educational campaigns to meet the population’s health educational needs are required. Special emphasis should be placed on pregnant women and travelers to/returnees from ZIKAV-affected areas.
- Supplemental Materials (DOCX 39 KB)
Author Notes
Financial support: The Deanship of Academic Research (DAR) at the University of Jordan.
Authors’ addresses: Eman Y. Abu-rish, Eman R. Elayeh, and Abla M. Albsoul-Younes, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, E-mails: e.aburish@ju.edu.jo, e.elayeh@ju.edu.jo, and ablabsoul@ju.edu.jo.
- INTRODUCTION
- METHODS
- RESULTS
- General characteristics of participants.
- Knowledge about ZIKAV infection.
- Sources of information about ZIKAV infection.
- Attitude and practice of participants toward ZIKAV and its prevention measures.
- Determinants of population adherence to ZIKAV prevention measures.
- Multivariate linear regression model for the factors associated with high knowledge score.
- DISCUSSION
- Supplementary Files
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Acosta-Ampudia Y, Monsalve DM, Castillo-Medina LF, Rodríguez Y, Pacheco Y, Halstead S, Willison HJ, Anaya JM, Ramírez-Santana C, 2018. Autoimmune neurological conditions associated with Zika virus infection. Front Mol Neurosci 11: 116.
-
2.
Haby MM, Pinart M, Elias V, Reveiz L, 2018. Prevalence of asymptomatic Zika virus infection: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ 96: 402–413.
-
3.
Atif M, Azeem M, Sarwar MR, Bashir A, 2016. Zika virus disease: a current review of the literature. Infection 44: 695–705.
-
4.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2018. Zika Virus. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/zika/healtheffects/index.html. Accessed August 5, 2018.
-
5.
Silva GS, Richards GA, Baker T, Hidalgo J, Jiménez JIS, Amin P; Council of the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine, 2018. Zika virus: report from the task force on tropical diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine. J Crit Care 46: 106–109.
-
6.
Musso D, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Levi JE, Cao-Lormeau VM, Gubler DJ, 2018. Unexpected outbreaks of arbovirus infections: lessons learned from the Pacific and tropical America. Lancet Infect Dis 18: e355–e361.
-
7.
Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC), 2018. World Map of Areas with Zika Risk. Available at: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/world-map-areas-with-zika. Accessed June 25, 2018.
-
8.
Ducheyne E et al. 2018. Current and future distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in WHO eastern Mediterranean region. Int J Health Geogr 17: 4.
-
9.
Kanani K, Amr Z, Katbeh-Bader A, Arbaji M, 2017. First record of Aedes albopictus in Jordan. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 33: 134–135.
-
10.
Tridane A, El Khajah A, Ali BR, 2016. The possible threat of Zika virus in the Middle East. Travel Med Infect Dis 14: 277–278.
-
11.
The World Bank, 2012. International Migrant Stock, Total. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.TOTL?locations=JO. Accessed July 5, 2018.
-
12.
Labour Market Profile, 2016. Danish Trade Union Council for International Development and Cooperation Website. Available at: http://www.ulandssekretariatet.dk/sites/default/files/uploads/public/PDF/LMP/lmp_malawi_2016_final_version1. Accessed August 5, 2018.
-
13.
Sweileh WM, 2018. Global research output in the health of international Arab migrants (1988–2017). BMC Public Health 18: 755.
-
14.
Nimer NA, 2018. Review on emerging and reemerging of infectious diseases in Jordan: the after math of the Syrian crises. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2018: 8679174.
-
15.
Connor P, 2016. Middle East’s Migrant Population More than Doubles Since 2005, Pew Research Center Website. Available at: http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/10/18092506/Middle-east-migrants_FINAL_PM. Accessed August 2, 2018.
-
16.
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), 2016. Guidelines for Surveillance of Zika Virus Disease and its Complications. Available at: http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/28405. Accessed August 2, 2018.
-
17.
Samuel G et al. 2018. A survey of the knowledge, attitudes and practices on Zika virus in New York City. BMC Public Health 18: 98.
-
18.
Mouchtouri VA, Papagiannis D, Katsioulis A, Rachiotis G, Dafopoulos K, Hadjichristodoulou C, 2017. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about the prevention mosquito bites and Zika virus disease in pregnant women in Greece. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14: pii: E367.
-
19.
Huang Y et al. 2017. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding Zika: paper- and internet-based surveyin Zhejiang, China. JMIR Public Health Surveill 3: e81.
-
20.
Howells ME, Lynn CD, Weaver LJ, Langford-Sesepesara M, Tufa J, 2018. Zika virus in American Samoa: challenges to prevention in the context of health disparities and non-communicable disease. Ann Hum Biol 45: 229–238.
-
21.
Cheema S, Maisonneuve P, Weber I, Fernandez-Luque L, Abraham A, Alrouh H, Sheikh J, Lowenfels AB, Mamtani R, 2017. Knowledge and perceptions about Zika virus in a Middle East country. BMC Infect Dis 17: 524.
-
22.
Abu-Rish EY, Elayeh ER, Mousa LA, Butanji YK, Albsoul-Younes AM, 2016. Knowledge, awareness and practices towards seasonal influenza and its vaccine: implications for future vaccination campaigns in Jordan. Fam Pract 33: 690–697.
-
23.
Meltzer E et al. 2016. Zika virus disease in traveler returning from Vietnam to Israel. Emerg Infect Dis 22: 1521–1522.
-
24.
World Health Organization (WHO), 2017. Zika Virus Situation Reports. Available at: http://www.who.int/emergencies/zika-virus/situation-report/en/. 2017. Accessed August 3, 2018.
-
25.
Al Rifai R, Nakamura K, Seino K, Kizuki M, Morita A, 2015. Unsafe sexual behavior in domestic and foreign migrant male workers in multinational workplaces in Jordan: occupational-based and behavioural assessment survey. BMJ Open 5: e007703.
-
26.
Hamer DH et al. GeoSentinel Surveillance Network, 2017 Travel-associated Zika virus disease acquired in the Americas through February 2016: a GeoSentinel analysis. Ann Intern Med 166: 99–108.
-
27.
Jia H et al. 2018. Zika virus infection in travelers returning from countries with local transmission, Guangdong, China, 2016. Travel Med Infect Dis 21: 56–61.
-
28.
World Health Organization (WHO), 2009. Principles of Infectious Disease Transmission Short Course on Infectious Diseases in Humanitarian Emergencies. Available at: http://www.who.int/diseasecontrol_emergencies/publications/idhe_2009_london_inf_dis_transmission.pdf. Accessed August 5, 2018.
-
29.
Brissett DI, Tuholske C, Allen IE, Larios NS, Mendoza DJ, Murillo AG, Bloch EM, 2018. Zika virus: knowledge assessment of residents and health-care providers in Roatán, Honduras, following an outbreak. Am J Trop Med Hyg 99: 211–215.
-
30.
Berenson AB, Trinh HN, Hirth JM, Guo F, Fuchs EL, Weaver SC, 2017. Knowledge and prevention practices among U.S. pregnant immigrants from Zika virus outbreak areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 97: 155–162.
-
31.
Leder K et al. 2017. Zika beyond the Americas: travelers as sentinels of Zika virus transmission. A GeoSentinel analysis, 2012 to 2016. PLoS One 12: e0185689.
-
32.
McCulloch K, 2017. Creation of an emerging infectious disease response team. Am J Infect Control 45: S148.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 251 | 136 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 455 | 8 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 92 | 9 | 0 |