Author:
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS
- Population characteristics.
- Health-care workers’ knowledge on preparedness.
- Health-care workers rating of the preparedness of their HCFs.
- Health-care worker’s evaluation of components and preparedness of their facilities.
- Some affirmative responses on facility preparedness.
- Factors that militate against facility preparedness.
- Suggestions on how to improve preparedness.
- DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSION
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Otu A, Ameh S, Osifo-Dawodu E, Alade E, Ekuri S, Idris J, 2017. An account of Ebola virus disease outbreak in Nigeria: implications and lessons learnt. BMC Public Health 18: 3.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2018. Nigeria Battles its Largest Lassa Fever Outbreak on Record. Available at: www.afro.who.int. Accessed March 15, 2018.
-
3.
Adagbada AO, Adesida SA, Nwaokorie FO, Niemogha MT, Coker AO, 2012. Cholera epidemiology in Nigeria: an overview. Pan Afr Medl J 12: 59.
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4.
Joshi RM, 2014. Ebola virus disease (EVD): an unprecedented major outbreak in west Africa. Clin Microb 3: e119.
-
5.
Ughasoro MD, Esangbedo DO, Tagbo BN, Mejeha IC, 2015. Acceptability and willingness-to-pay for a hypothetical Ebola virus vaccine in Nigeria. Plos Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003838.
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6.
World Health Organization, 2014. Statement on the 1st Meeting of the IHR Emergency Committee on the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: www.who.int. Accessed April 14, 2018.
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CDC, 2016. 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa-Case Counts. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/case-counts.html. Accessed February 16, 2018.
-
8.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. Cost of the Ebola Epidemic. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov. Accessed November 14, 2018.
-
9.
Oladimeji AM et al. 2015. Ebola virus disease–gaps in knowledge and practice among healthcare workers in Lagos, August 2014. Trop Med Int Health 20: 1162–1170.
-
10.
Olowookere SA, Adioye-Kuteyi EA, Adepoju OK, Esan OT, Adeolu TM, Adeoye TK, Adepoju AA, Aderogba AT, 2015. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of health workers in a tertiary hospital in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, towards Ebola viral disease. J Trop Med 2015: 431317.
-
11.
World Health Organization, 2012. Emergencies Preparedness, Response. Infection Prevention and Control in Health Care for Preparedness and Response to Outbreaks. Available at: www.who.int. Accessed April 14, 2018.
-
12.
Balajee S et al. 2017. Sustainable model for public health emergency operations centers for global settings. Emerg Infect Dis 23. 10.3201/eid2313.170435.
-
13.
Annan AA, Yar DD, Owusu M, Biney EA, Forson PK, Okyere PB, Gyimah AA, Owusu-Dabo E, 2017. Health care workers indicate ill-preparedness for Ebola virus disease outbreak in Ashanti region of Ghana. BMC Public Health 17: 546.
-
14.
Esangbedo DO, Ughasoro MD, Tagbo BN, Olowu A, Anikene C, Iwegbulam CC, 2016. Health-care workers’ perspective on Ebola virus vaccine: a focus group and in-depth interview interventional study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 95: 658–666.
-
15.
Braun V, Clarke V, 2013. Successful Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide for Beginners. London, United Kingdom: Sage. Available at: http://eprints.uwc.ac.uk/21156. Accessed February 10, 2017.
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16.
Losby J, Wetmore A, 2012. CDC Coffee Break: Using Likert Scales in Evaluation Survey Work. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/pubs/docs/CB_February_14_2012.pdf. Accessed March 18, 2018.
-
17.
Yayi A, Laing V, Govule P, Onzima RADDM, Rogers Ayiko, 2015. Performance of epidemic prevention, preparedness and response in West Nile region, Uganda. Int J Public Health Res 3: 228–233.
-
18.
Daugherty EL, Carlson AL, Perl TM, 2010. Planning for the inevitable: preparing for epidemic and pandemic respiratory illness in the shadow of H1N1 influenza. Clin Infect Dis 50: 1145–1154.
-
19.
Hsu EB, Thomas TL, Bass EB, Whyne D, Kelen GD, Green GB, 2006. Healthcare worker competencies for disaster training. BMC Med Educ 6: 19.
-
20.
Pilot E, Roa R, Jena B, Kauhi B, Krafft T, Murthy GVS, 2017. Towards sustainable public health surveillance in India: using routinely collected electronic emergency medical service data for early warning on infectious diseases. Sustainability 9: 604.
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21.
Hinman AR, Orenstein WA, Schuchat A, 2011. Vaccine-preventable diseases, immunizations, and the epidemic intelligence service. Am J Epidemiol 174 (11 Suppl): S16–S22.
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22.
Martins SO, Osiyemi AO, 2017. Hand hygiene practices post-Ebola virus disease outbreak in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 15: 16–22.
-
23.
Tour EA, Traor EF, Sako F, Delamou A, Tonguino F, Sylla D, Bangoura M, Barry M, Cisse M, Vanhems P, 2016. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers on Ebola virus disease in Conakry, Guinea: a cross-sectional study. J Public Health Epidemiol 8: 12–16.
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24.
Shaoor S, Mir F, Zaidi AKM, Zafar A, 2015. Hospital preparedness in community measles outbreaks-challenges and recommendations for low-resource settings. Emerging Health Threats J 8: 24173.
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25.
Ajayi NA, Nwigwe CG, Azuogu BN, Onyire BN, Nwonwu EU, Ogbonnaya LU, Onwe FI, Ekaete T, Gunther S, Ukwala KN, 2013. Containing a Lassa fever epidemic in a resource-limited setting: outbreak description and lessons learned from Abakaliki, Nigeria (January–March 2012). Int J Infect Dis 17: e1011–e1016.
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26.
World Health Organization. Monkey Pox–Nigeria, Emergencies Preparedness, Response. https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-october-2018-monkeypox-nigeria/en/. Accessed November 18, 2018.
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World Health Organization, 2013. A Systematic Review of Public Health Emergency Operations Centers (EOC). Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/99043/1/WHO_HSE_GCR_2014.1_eng.pdf. Accessed January 17, 2018.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2016. 2014–2016 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov. Accessed April 4, 2016.
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Sands P, Shah CM, Dzau VJ, 2016. The neglected dimension of global security. A framework to counter infectious disease crises. N Engl J Med 374: 1281–1287.
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32.
Ughasoro MD, Okanya OC, Uzochukwu B, Onwujekwe OE, 2017. An exploratory study of patients’ perceptions of responsiveness of tertiary health-care services in southeast Nigeria: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Niger J Clin Pract 20: 267–273.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 977 | 622 | 194 |
| Full Text Views | 1186 | 11 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 398 | 9 | 2 |
Health-Care Workers’ Perspectives on Preparedness of Health-Care Facilities for Outbreak of Communicable Diseases in Nigeria: A Qualitative Study
Maduka D. Ughasoro
Maduka D. Ughasoro
Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria;
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Dorothy O. Esangbedo
Dorothy O. Esangbedo
Paediatrics Division, Providence Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria;
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Ifechukwu Maria Udorah
Ifechukwu Maria Udorah
Annunciation Specialist Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
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A high probability of another outbreak of communicable disease exists in sub-Saharan African countries, after the Ebola virus disease outbreak of 2014. Thus, health-care facility (HCF) preparedness for a prompt and effective response to disease outbreaks needs to be ascertained. In this study, Nigerian health-care workers’ (HCWs) knowledge of preparedness, perception of the level of preparedness existing in these HCFs, militating factors, and possible ways to improve, were evaluated through qualitative data collection, using focus group discussion and in-depth interview. Among the 193 HCWs which participated in the study, the perception of 190 (98.4%) was that their HCFs were insufficiently equipped to respond to disease outbreaks. None of the facilities had an emergency operation unit (EOU). Most HCWs perceived preparedness as observation of universal precautions. Other aspects of preparedness, such as training, routine emergency drills, disease surveillance, waste management, and design and location of HCFs were minimally mentioned. None of the participants had undergone any form of emergency drill training. Among the suggestions of how to improve on preparedness were immunization of staff, improved inter-departmental communication within the HCF, and routine training. The overall poor level of preparedness which exists in the HCFs means that they cannot prevent or contain a communicable disease outbreak. There is a need to improve universal precautions, communication within the HCFs, and routine interpretation of surveillance data by epidemiologists. There is also a need for the establishment of EOU in every HCF, a system that responds to, and manages emergency response to disease outbreaks, which also must be functional during non-outbreak periods.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Maduka D. Ughasoro, Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria, E-mail: maduka.ughasoro@unn.edu.ng. Dorothy O. Esangbedo, Providence Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria, E-mail: ederie@hotmail.com. Ifechukwu Maria Udorah, Annunciation Specialist Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria, E-mail: ife_udo@yahoo.com.
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS
- Population characteristics.
- Health-care workers’ knowledge on preparedness.
- Health-care workers rating of the preparedness of their HCFs.
- Health-care worker’s evaluation of components and preparedness of their facilities.
- Some affirmative responses on facility preparedness.
- Factors that militate against facility preparedness.
- Suggestions on how to improve preparedness.
- DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSION
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Otu A, Ameh S, Osifo-Dawodu E, Alade E, Ekuri S, Idris J, 2017. An account of Ebola virus disease outbreak in Nigeria: implications and lessons learnt. BMC Public Health 18: 3.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2018. Nigeria Battles its Largest Lassa Fever Outbreak on Record. Available at: www.afro.who.int. Accessed March 15, 2018.
-
3.
Adagbada AO, Adesida SA, Nwaokorie FO, Niemogha MT, Coker AO, 2012. Cholera epidemiology in Nigeria: an overview. Pan Afr Medl J 12: 59.
-
4.
Joshi RM, 2014. Ebola virus disease (EVD): an unprecedented major outbreak in west Africa. Clin Microb 3: e119.
-
5.
Ughasoro MD, Esangbedo DO, Tagbo BN, Mejeha IC, 2015. Acceptability and willingness-to-pay for a hypothetical Ebola virus vaccine in Nigeria. Plos Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003838.
-
6.
World Health Organization, 2014. Statement on the 1st Meeting of the IHR Emergency Committee on the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: www.who.int. Accessed April 14, 2018.
-
7.
CDC, 2016. 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa-Case Counts. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/case-counts.html. Accessed February 16, 2018.
-
8.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. Cost of the Ebola Epidemic. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov. Accessed November 14, 2018.
-
9.
Oladimeji AM et al. 2015. Ebola virus disease–gaps in knowledge and practice among healthcare workers in Lagos, August 2014. Trop Med Int Health 20: 1162–1170.
-
10.
Olowookere SA, Adioye-Kuteyi EA, Adepoju OK, Esan OT, Adeolu TM, Adeoye TK, Adepoju AA, Aderogba AT, 2015. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of health workers in a tertiary hospital in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, towards Ebola viral disease. J Trop Med 2015: 431317.
-
11.
World Health Organization, 2012. Emergencies Preparedness, Response. Infection Prevention and Control in Health Care for Preparedness and Response to Outbreaks. Available at: www.who.int. Accessed April 14, 2018.
-
12.
Balajee S et al. 2017. Sustainable model for public health emergency operations centers for global settings. Emerg Infect Dis 23. 10.3201/eid2313.170435.
-
13.
Annan AA, Yar DD, Owusu M, Biney EA, Forson PK, Okyere PB, Gyimah AA, Owusu-Dabo E, 2017. Health care workers indicate ill-preparedness for Ebola virus disease outbreak in Ashanti region of Ghana. BMC Public Health 17: 546.
-
14.
Esangbedo DO, Ughasoro MD, Tagbo BN, Olowu A, Anikene C, Iwegbulam CC, 2016. Health-care workers’ perspective on Ebola virus vaccine: a focus group and in-depth interview interventional study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 95: 658–666.
-
15.
Braun V, Clarke V, 2013. Successful Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide for Beginners. London, United Kingdom: Sage. Available at: http://eprints.uwc.ac.uk/21156. Accessed February 10, 2017.
-
16.
Losby J, Wetmore A, 2012. CDC Coffee Break: Using Likert Scales in Evaluation Survey Work. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/pubs/docs/CB_February_14_2012.pdf. Accessed March 18, 2018.
-
17.
Yayi A, Laing V, Govule P, Onzima RADDM, Rogers Ayiko, 2015. Performance of epidemic prevention, preparedness and response in West Nile region, Uganda. Int J Public Health Res 3: 228–233.
-
18.
Daugherty EL, Carlson AL, Perl TM, 2010. Planning for the inevitable: preparing for epidemic and pandemic respiratory illness in the shadow of H1N1 influenza. Clin Infect Dis 50: 1145–1154.
-
19.
Hsu EB, Thomas TL, Bass EB, Whyne D, Kelen GD, Green GB, 2006. Healthcare worker competencies for disaster training. BMC Med Educ 6: 19.
-
20.
Pilot E, Roa R, Jena B, Kauhi B, Krafft T, Murthy GVS, 2017. Towards sustainable public health surveillance in India: using routinely collected electronic emergency medical service data for early warning on infectious diseases. Sustainability 9: 604.
-
21.
Hinman AR, Orenstein WA, Schuchat A, 2011. Vaccine-preventable diseases, immunizations, and the epidemic intelligence service. Am J Epidemiol 174 (11 Suppl): S16–S22.
-
22.
Martins SO, Osiyemi AO, 2017. Hand hygiene practices post-Ebola virus disease outbreak in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 15: 16–22.
-
23.
Tour EA, Traor EF, Sako F, Delamou A, Tonguino F, Sylla D, Bangoura M, Barry M, Cisse M, Vanhems P, 2016. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers on Ebola virus disease in Conakry, Guinea: a cross-sectional study. J Public Health Epidemiol 8: 12–16.
-
24.
Shaoor S, Mir F, Zaidi AKM, Zafar A, 2015. Hospital preparedness in community measles outbreaks-challenges and recommendations for low-resource settings. Emerging Health Threats J 8: 24173.
-
25.
Ajayi NA, Nwigwe CG, Azuogu BN, Onyire BN, Nwonwu EU, Ogbonnaya LU, Onwe FI, Ekaete T, Gunther S, Ukwala KN, 2013. Containing a Lassa fever epidemic in a resource-limited setting: outbreak description and lessons learned from Abakaliki, Nigeria (January–March 2012). Int J Infect Dis 17: e1011–e1016.
-
26.
World Health Organization. Monkey Pox–Nigeria, Emergencies Preparedness, Response. https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-october-2018-monkeypox-nigeria/en/. Accessed November 18, 2018.
-
27.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. Emergency Operations Centers: CDC Emergency Operations Center (EOC). Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/phpr/eoc.htm. Accessed January 17, 2018.
-
28.
World Health Organization, 2015. Framework for a Public Health Emergency Operations Center. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/196135/1/9789241565134_eng.pdf. Accessed January 17, 2018.
-
29.
World Health Organization, 2013. A Systematic Review of Public Health Emergency Operations Centers (EOC). Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/99043/1/WHO_HSE_GCR_2014.1_eng.pdf. Accessed January 17, 2018.
-
30.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2016. 2014–2016 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov. Accessed April 4, 2016.
-
31.
Sands P, Shah CM, Dzau VJ, 2016. The neglected dimension of global security. A framework to counter infectious disease crises. N Engl J Med 374: 1281–1287.
-
32.
Ughasoro MD, Okanya OC, Uzochukwu B, Onwujekwe OE, 2017. An exploratory study of patients’ perceptions of responsiveness of tertiary health-care services in southeast Nigeria: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Niger J Clin Pract 20: 267–273.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 977 | 622 | 194 |
| Full Text Views | 1186 | 11 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 398 | 9 | 2 |