A Simple Model to Predict the Potential Abundance of Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes One Month in Advance

Andrew J. Monaghan University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado;

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Christopher A. Schmidt National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado;

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Mary H. Hayden University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado;

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Kirk A. Smith Maricopa County Environmental Services Vector Control Department, Phoenix, Arizona;

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Michael H. Reiskind Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina;

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Ryan Cabell National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado;

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Kacey C. Ernst Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona

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The mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) is the primary vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in the United States. Surveillance for adult Ae. aegypti is limited, hindering understanding of the mosquito’s seasonal patterns and predictions of areas at elevated risk for autochthonous virus transmission. We developed a simple, intuitive empirical model that uses readily available temperature and humidity variables to predict environmental suitability for low, medium, or high potential abundance of adult Ae. aegypti in a given city 1 month in advance. Potential abundance was correctly predicted in 73% of months in arid Phoenix, AZ (over a 10-year period), and 63% of months in humid Miami, FL (over a 2-year period). The monthly model predictions can be updated daily, weekly, or monthly and thus may be applied to forecast suitable conditions for Ae. aegypti to inform vector-control activities and guide household-level actions to reduce mosquito habitat and human exposure.

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Author Notes

Address correspondence to Andrew J. Monaghan, University of Colorado Boulder, 597 P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80309. E-mail: andrew.monaghan@colorado.edu

Financial support: This work was funded by NASA Grant NNX16AO98G. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.

Authors’ addresses: Andrew J. Monaghan, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, E-mail: andrew.monaghan@colorado.edu. Christopher A. Schmidt and Ryan Cabell, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, E-mails: casch@ucar.edu and rcabell@ucar.edu. Mary H. Hayden, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, E-mail: mhayden@uccs.edu. Kirk A. Smith, Maricopa County Environmental Services Vector Control Department, Phoenix, AZ, E-mail: ksmith@mail.maricopa.gov. Michael H. Reiskind, Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, E-mail: mhreiski@ncsu.edu. Kacey C. Ernst, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, E-mail: kernst@email.arizona.edu.

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