Florescu DF, Sandkovsky U, 2016. Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplantation. World J Transplant 6: 460–471.
Mahmoudi MR, Ongerth JE, Karanis P, 2017. Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: the Asian perspective. Int J Hyg Environ Health 220: 1098–1109.
Torgerson PR et al. 2015. World Health Organization estimates of the global and regional disease burden of 11 foodborne parasitic diseases, 2010: a data synthesis. PLoS Med 12: e1001920.
Laude A et al. 2016. Is real-time PCR-based diagnosis similar in performance to routine parasitological examination for the identification of Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum/Cryptosporidium hominis and Entamoeba histolytica from stool samples? Evaluation of a new commercial multiplex PCR assay and literature review. Clin Microbiol Infect 22: 190.e1–190.e8.
Freeman K, Tsertsvadze A, Taylor-Phillips S, McCarthy N, Mistry H, Manuel R, Mason J, 2017. Agreement between gastrointestinal panel testing and standard microbiology methods for detecting pathogens in suspected infectious gastroenteritis: test evaluation and meta-analysis in the absence of a reference standard. PLoS One 12: e0173196.
BIOMERIEUX. FilmArray Gastrointestinal (GI) Instruction Booklet. Available at: https://www.e-labeling.eu/ITI0030. Accessed June 30, 2018.
Buss SN, Leber A, Chapin K, Fey PD, Bankowski MJ, Jones MK, Rogatcheva M, Kanack KJ, Bourzac KM, 2015. Multicenter evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray gastrointestinal panel for etiologic diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis. J Clin Microbiol 53: 915–925.
Bhadauria D, Goel A, Kaul A, Sharma RK, Gupta A, Ruhela V, Gupta A, Vardhan H, Prasad N, 2015. Cryptosporidium infection after renal transplantation in an endemic area. Transpl Infect Dis 17: 48–55.
Roncoroni AJ, Gomez MA, Mera J, Cagnoni P, Michel MD, 1989. Cryptosporidium infection in renal transplant patients. J Infect Dis 160: 559.
Raja K, Abbas Z, Hassan SM, Luck NH, Aziz T, Mubarak M, 2014. Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in renal transplant recipients presenting with acute diarrhea at a single center in Pakistan. J Nephropathol 3: 127–131.
Lanternier F et al. ANOFEL Cryptosporidium National Network and Transplant Cryptosporidium Study Group, 2017. Cryptosporidium spp. infection in solid organ transplantation: the nationwide “TRANSCRYPTO” study. Transplantation 101: 826–830.
Rossignol JF, 2006. Nitazoxanide in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related cryptosporidiosis: results of the United States compassionate use program in 365 patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 24: 887–994.
Smith NH, Cron S, Valdez LM, Chappell CL, White AC Jr., 1998. Combination drug therapy for cryptosporidiosis in AIDS. J Infect Dis 178: 900–903.
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In high prevalence settings, cryptosporidiosis is commonly implicated as a cause of a gastroenteritis syndrome in the organ transplant population. Stool microscopy is predominant diagnostic modality. Therapeutic options in this group of patients are limited, making their management exceptionally challenging. We describe a case of a renal transplant recipient with cryptosporidiosis confirmed by the stool FilmArray gastrointestinal panel (GIP) nucleic acid-based assay and stool microscopy, describe our institutional experience in diagnosing cryptosporidiosis in a low-prevalence setting, and review the available literature on management of this condition in the organ transplant population. In a low-prevalence setting, the GIP can serve as a rapid screening tool in the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis.
Authors’ addresses: Shuwei Zheng and Indumathi Venkatachalam, Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, E-mails: zheng.shuwei@singhealth.com.sg and indumathi.venkatachalam@singhealth.com.sg. Kwan Ki Karrie Ko, Department of Microbiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, E-mail: karrie.ko.k.k@sgh.com.sg. Kian Sing Chan, Department of Molecular Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, E-mail: chan.kian.sing@singhealth.com.sg.
Florescu DF, Sandkovsky U, 2016. Cryptosporidium infection in solid organ transplantation. World J Transplant 6: 460–471.
Mahmoudi MR, Ongerth JE, Karanis P, 2017. Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: the Asian perspective. Int J Hyg Environ Health 220: 1098–1109.
Torgerson PR et al. 2015. World Health Organization estimates of the global and regional disease burden of 11 foodborne parasitic diseases, 2010: a data synthesis. PLoS Med 12: e1001920.
Laude A et al. 2016. Is real-time PCR-based diagnosis similar in performance to routine parasitological examination for the identification of Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum/Cryptosporidium hominis and Entamoeba histolytica from stool samples? Evaluation of a new commercial multiplex PCR assay and literature review. Clin Microbiol Infect 22: 190.e1–190.e8.
Freeman K, Tsertsvadze A, Taylor-Phillips S, McCarthy N, Mistry H, Manuel R, Mason J, 2017. Agreement between gastrointestinal panel testing and standard microbiology methods for detecting pathogens in suspected infectious gastroenteritis: test evaluation and meta-analysis in the absence of a reference standard. PLoS One 12: e0173196.
BIOMERIEUX. FilmArray Gastrointestinal (GI) Instruction Booklet. Available at: https://www.e-labeling.eu/ITI0030. Accessed June 30, 2018.
Buss SN, Leber A, Chapin K, Fey PD, Bankowski MJ, Jones MK, Rogatcheva M, Kanack KJ, Bourzac KM, 2015. Multicenter evaluation of the BioFire FilmArray gastrointestinal panel for etiologic diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis. J Clin Microbiol 53: 915–925.
Bhadauria D, Goel A, Kaul A, Sharma RK, Gupta A, Ruhela V, Gupta A, Vardhan H, Prasad N, 2015. Cryptosporidium infection after renal transplantation in an endemic area. Transpl Infect Dis 17: 48–55.
Roncoroni AJ, Gomez MA, Mera J, Cagnoni P, Michel MD, 1989. Cryptosporidium infection in renal transplant patients. J Infect Dis 160: 559.
Raja K, Abbas Z, Hassan SM, Luck NH, Aziz T, Mubarak M, 2014. Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in renal transplant recipients presenting with acute diarrhea at a single center in Pakistan. J Nephropathol 3: 127–131.
Lanternier F et al. ANOFEL Cryptosporidium National Network and Transplant Cryptosporidium Study Group, 2017. Cryptosporidium spp. infection in solid organ transplantation: the nationwide “TRANSCRYPTO” study. Transplantation 101: 826–830.
Rossignol JF, 2006. Nitazoxanide in the treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related cryptosporidiosis: results of the United States compassionate use program in 365 patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 24: 887–994.
Smith NH, Cron S, Valdez LM, Chappell CL, White AC Jr., 1998. Combination drug therapy for cryptosporidiosis in AIDS. J Infect Dis 178: 900–903.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 219 | 146 | 10 |
Full Text Views | 845 | 8 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 254 | 8 | 1 |