Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
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-
1.
Gutiérrez JM, Williams D, Fan HW, Warrell DA, 2010. Snakebite envenoming from a global perspective: towards an integrated approach. Toxicon 56: 1223–1235.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2007. Rabies and Envenomings. A Neglected Public Health Issue. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
3.
World Health Organization, 2015. Snake Antivenoms. Fact Sheet N° 337. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
4.
Kasturiratne A, Wickremasinghe AR, De Silva N, Gunawardena NK, Pathmeswaran A, Premaratna R, Savioli L, Lalloo DG, de Silva HJ, 2008. The global burden of snakebite: a literature analysis and modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and deaths. PLoS Med 5: e218.
-
5.
Gutiérrez JM, Fan HW, Silvera CL, Angulo Y, 2009. Stability, distribution and use of antivenoms for snakebite envenomation in Latin America: report of a workshop. Toxicon 53: 625–630.
-
6.
Harrison RA, Hargreaves A, Wagstaff SC, Faragher B, Lalloo DG, 2009. Snake envenoming: a disease of poverty. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e569.
-
8.
Dolab JA, Roodt AR, Titto EH, García SI, Funes R, Salomón OD, Chippaux JP, 2014. Epidemiology of snakebite and use of antivenom in Argentina. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 108: 269–276.
-
9.
Mise YF, Lira-da-Silva RM, Carvalho FM, 2016. Agriculture and snakebite in Bahia, Brazil–an ecological study. Ann Agric Environ Med 23: 416–419.
-
10.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [homepage da internet], 2010. Censo Demográfico. Available at: https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/pesquisa/censo-demografico/demografico-2010/inicial. Accessed August 22, 2017.
-
11.
Chippaux J-P, 2017. Incidence and mortality due to snakebite in the Americas. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 21: e0005662.
-
12.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, 2001. Manual de Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Acidentes por Animais Peçonhentos. Brasília: Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Available at: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/funasa/manu_peconhentos.pdf. Accessed September 3, 2017.
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13.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, 2009. Guia de Vigilância Epidemiológica. Caderno 14—Acidentes por Animais Peçonhentos, 7th edition. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 1–6.
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14.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, 2014. Guia de Vigilância em Saúde. Chap. 11—Acidentes por Animais Peçonhentos. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 719–722.
-
15.
Rosen L, 2013. An intuitive approach to understanding the attributable fraction of disease due to a risk factor: the case of smoking. Int J Environ Res Public Health 10: 2932–2943.
-
16.
Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL, 2008. Modern Epidemiology, 3rd edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
-
17.
Mohapatra B, Warrell DA, Suraweera W, Bhatia P, Dhingra N, Jotkar RM, Rodriguez PS, Mishra K, Whitaker R, Jha P; Million Death Study Collaborators, 2011. Snakebite mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1018.
-
18.
Feitosa EL et al. 2015. Older age and time to medical assistance are associated with severity and mortality of snakebites in the Brazilian Amazon: a case–control study. PLoS One 10: e0132237.
-
19.
Sharma SK, Chappuis F, Jha N, Bovier PA, Loutan L, Koirala S, 2004. Impact of snake bites and determinants of fatal outcomes in southeastern Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 234–238.
-
20.
Wen FH et al. 2015. Snakebites and scorpion stings in the Brazilian Amazon: identifying research priorities for a largely neglected problem. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003701.
-
21.
Gutiérrez JM, 2011. Envenenamientos por mordeduras de serpientes en América Latina y el Caribe: una visión integral de carácter regional. Bol Malariol Salud Ambient 51: 1–16.
-
22.
Spiller HA, Bosse GM, Ryan ML, 2010. Use of antivenom for snakebites reported to United States poison centers. Am J Emerg Med 28: 780–785.
-
23.
Gutiérrez JM, Escalante T, Rucavado A, Herrera C, 2016. Hemorrhage caused by snake venom metalloproteinases: a journey of discovery and understanding. Toxins (Basel) 8: 1–93.
-
24.
Albuquerque PLMM, Jacinto CN, Silva Júnior GB, Lima JB, Veras MS, Daher EF, 2013. Acute kidney injury caused by Crotalus and Bothrops snake venom: a review of epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 55: 295–301.
-
25.
Açikalin A, Gökel Y, Kuvandik G, Duru M, Köseoğlu Z, Satar S, 2008. The efficacy of low-dose antivenom therapy on morbidity and mortality in snakebite cases. Am J Emerg Med 26: 402–407.
-
26.
Chippaux JP, Stock RP, Massougbodji A, 2015. Antivenom safety and tolerance for the strategy of snake envenomation management. Gopalakrishnakone P et al. ed. Snake Venoms. Dordrecht, Holland: Springer Netherlands, 475–495.
-
27.
Albuquerque PLMM, Silva GB, Jacinto CN, Lima JB, Lima CB, Amaral YS, Veras Mdo S, Mota RM, Daher EF, 2014. Acute kidney injury after snakebite accident treated in a Brazilian tertiary care centre. Nephrology (Carlton) 19: 764–770.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 757 | 518 | 52 |
| Full Text Views | 1126 | 11 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 303 | 10 | 0 |
Fatal Snakebite Envenoming and Agricultural Work in Brazil: A Case–Control Study
Yukari Figueroa Mise
Yukari Figueroa Mise
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil;
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Rejâne Maria Lira-da-Silva
Rejâne Maria Lira-da-Silva
Instituto de Biologia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil;
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Fernando Martins Carvalho
Fernando Martins Carvalho
Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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We investigated the association between fatal snakebite envenoming and agricultural work in Brazil, considering the effects of relevant covariables. A nested case–control study was performed using 1,119 fatal cases of snakebite envenoming among persons aged ≥ 10 years, notified to the Brazilian official reporting system, from 2004 to 2015. As controls, 4,476 cases were randomly selected from the 115,723 nonfatal cases of snakebite, without missing data, that occurred in the same time period. The main predictor was occupation in the agriculture sector; the main outcome was death by snakebite envenoming. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the main association, controlling for the effects of relevant covariables. Fatal cases had a 20% greater chance (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.39) of being among farmers than the controls. However, late (≥ 6 hours) time to treatment (OR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.70–2.36); adequate antivenom with an insufficient (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.04–1.50) or excessive (OR = 4.89; 95% CI: 4.10–6.03) number of vials; inadequate antivenom and insufficient or excessive number of vials (OR = 3.87; 95% CI: 2.40–6.24); no use of antivenom (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.60–2.64); and age ≥ 60 years (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.61–2.44) were more strongly associated with lethality. Lethality was 1.0% in the period, being 0.47% among those receiving early and adequate treatment. We concluded that in Brazil, fatal snakebite envenoming was associated with agricultural work, controlling for relevant covariates. However, quality of health care provided and greater age were much more strongly associated with lethality.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Yukari Figueroa Mise, Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil, E-mail: yukarimise@gmail.com. Rejâne Maria Lira-da-Silva, Instituto de Biologia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil, E-mail: rejanelirar2@gmail.com. Fernando Martins Carvalho, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil, E-mail: fmc.ufba@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Gutiérrez JM, Williams D, Fan HW, Warrell DA, 2010. Snakebite envenoming from a global perspective: towards an integrated approach. Toxicon 56: 1223–1235.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2007. Rabies and Envenomings. A Neglected Public Health Issue. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
3.
World Health Organization, 2015. Snake Antivenoms. Fact Sheet N° 337. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
-
4.
Kasturiratne A, Wickremasinghe AR, De Silva N, Gunawardena NK, Pathmeswaran A, Premaratna R, Savioli L, Lalloo DG, de Silva HJ, 2008. The global burden of snakebite: a literature analysis and modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and deaths. PLoS Med 5: e218.
-
5.
Gutiérrez JM, Fan HW, Silvera CL, Angulo Y, 2009. Stability, distribution and use of antivenoms for snakebite envenomation in Latin America: report of a workshop. Toxicon 53: 625–630.
-
6.
Harrison RA, Hargreaves A, Wagstaff SC, Faragher B, Lalloo DG, 2009. Snake envenoming: a disease of poverty. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e569.
-
8.
Dolab JA, Roodt AR, Titto EH, García SI, Funes R, Salomón OD, Chippaux JP, 2014. Epidemiology of snakebite and use of antivenom in Argentina. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 108: 269–276.
-
9.
Mise YF, Lira-da-Silva RM, Carvalho FM, 2016. Agriculture and snakebite in Bahia, Brazil–an ecological study. Ann Agric Environ Med 23: 416–419.
-
10.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística [homepage da internet], 2010. Censo Demográfico. Available at: https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/pesquisa/censo-demografico/demografico-2010/inicial. Accessed August 22, 2017.
-
11.
Chippaux J-P, 2017. Incidence and mortality due to snakebite in the Americas. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 21: e0005662.
-
12.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, 2001. Manual de Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Acidentes por Animais Peçonhentos. Brasília: Fundação Nacional de Saúde. Available at: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/funasa/manu_peconhentos.pdf. Accessed September 3, 2017.
-
13.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, 2009. Guia de Vigilância Epidemiológica. Caderno 14—Acidentes por Animais Peçonhentos, 7th edition. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 1–6.
-
14.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, 2014. Guia de Vigilância em Saúde. Chap. 11—Acidentes por Animais Peçonhentos. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 719–722.
-
15.
Rosen L, 2013. An intuitive approach to understanding the attributable fraction of disease due to a risk factor: the case of smoking. Int J Environ Res Public Health 10: 2932–2943.
-
16.
Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL, 2008. Modern Epidemiology, 3rd edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
-
17.
Mohapatra B, Warrell DA, Suraweera W, Bhatia P, Dhingra N, Jotkar RM, Rodriguez PS, Mishra K, Whitaker R, Jha P; Million Death Study Collaborators, 2011. Snakebite mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1018.
-
18.
Feitosa EL et al. 2015. Older age and time to medical assistance are associated with severity and mortality of snakebites in the Brazilian Amazon: a case–control study. PLoS One 10: e0132237.
-
19.
Sharma SK, Chappuis F, Jha N, Bovier PA, Loutan L, Koirala S, 2004. Impact of snake bites and determinants of fatal outcomes in southeastern Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 234–238.
-
20.
Wen FH et al. 2015. Snakebites and scorpion stings in the Brazilian Amazon: identifying research priorities for a largely neglected problem. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003701.
-
21.
Gutiérrez JM, 2011. Envenenamientos por mordeduras de serpientes en América Latina y el Caribe: una visión integral de carácter regional. Bol Malariol Salud Ambient 51: 1–16.
-
22.
Spiller HA, Bosse GM, Ryan ML, 2010. Use of antivenom for snakebites reported to United States poison centers. Am J Emerg Med 28: 780–785.
-
23.
Gutiérrez JM, Escalante T, Rucavado A, Herrera C, 2016. Hemorrhage caused by snake venom metalloproteinases: a journey of discovery and understanding. Toxins (Basel) 8: 1–93.
-
24.
Albuquerque PLMM, Jacinto CN, Silva Júnior GB, Lima JB, Veras MS, Daher EF, 2013. Acute kidney injury caused by Crotalus and Bothrops snake venom: a review of epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 55: 295–301.
-
25.
Açikalin A, Gökel Y, Kuvandik G, Duru M, Köseoğlu Z, Satar S, 2008. The efficacy of low-dose antivenom therapy on morbidity and mortality in snakebite cases. Am J Emerg Med 26: 402–407.
-
26.
Chippaux JP, Stock RP, Massougbodji A, 2015. Antivenom safety and tolerance for the strategy of snake envenomation management. Gopalakrishnakone P et al. ed. Snake Venoms. Dordrecht, Holland: Springer Netherlands, 475–495.
-
27.
Albuquerque PLMM, Silva GB, Jacinto CN, Lima JB, Lima CB, Amaral YS, Veras Mdo S, Mota RM, Daher EF, 2014. Acute kidney injury after snakebite accident treated in a Brazilian tertiary care centre. Nephrology (Carlton) 19: 764–770.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 757 | 518 | 52 |
| Full Text Views | 1126 | 11 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 303 | 10 | 0 |