1921
  1. Home
  2. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
  3. Volume 71, Issue 4
  4. Article
Volume 71, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 0002-9637
  • E-ISSN: 1476-1645
Download

Abstract

We used duplex Doppler sonography to assess effects of diethylcarbamazine and albendazole therapy (DEC/ALB) on adult . The study was performed in clinically normal Egyptian adults with blood microfilaria counts > 80/mL. Motile adult worms were observed before treatment in dilated scrotal lymphatic vessels in 28 of 36 men (78%) and over the proximal extremities in 5 of 22 women (23%). Most worm nests were inactivated in the months following treatment (90% at 12 months). Circulating filarial antigen levels (a marker for living adult worms) also fell dramatically following treatment. Some men had intrascrotal calcifications and/or non-palpable hydroceles detectable by ultrasound before they were treated. New hydroceles and intrascrotal calcifications appeared after treatment in many cases. However, most of these were transient and of no clinical significance. Prevelance rates for hydrocele and intrascrotal calcifications 24 months after treatment were essentially the same as those prior to treatment. These results show that DEC/ALB is highly active against adult . They also suggest that host responses to dying adult worms are important in the pathogenesis of filarial hydroceles.

Copyright 2004 The American Society of Tropical Medicine
Loading

Article metrics loading...

The graphs shown below represent data from March 2017
/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.471
2004-10-01
2019-11-13

  • From This Site

    /content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.471
    dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword
    10
    5
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/14761645/71/4/0700471.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.471&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Michael E, Bundy DA, Grenfell BT, 1996. Reassessing the global prevalence and distribution of lymphatic filariasis. Parasitology 112 : 409–428. [Google Scholar]
  2. Ottesen EA, Duke BO, Karam M, Behbehani K, 1997. Strategies and tools for the control/elimination of lymphatic filariasis. Bull World Health Organ 75 : 491–503. [Google Scholar]
  3. Molyneux D, Neira M, Liese B, Heymann D, 2001. Elimination of lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem: setting the scene for elimination. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 : 589–591. [Google Scholar]
  4. Ismail MM, Jayakody RL, Weil GJ, Nirmalan N, Jayasinghe KS, Abeyewickrema W, Sheriff MH, Rajaratnam HN, Amarasekera N, de Silva DC, Michalski ML, Dissanaike AS, 1998. Efficacy of single dose combinations of albendazole, ivermectin, and diethylcarbamazine for the treatment of bancroftian filariasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92 : 94–97. [Google Scholar]
  5. Ismail MM, Jayakody RL, Weil GJ, Fernando D, de Silva MSG, Balasooriya WK, 2001. Long-term efficacy of single-dose combinations of albendazole, ivermectin, and diethylcarbamazine for the treatment of lymphatic filariasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 95 : 332–335. [Google Scholar]
  6. Horton J, Ottesen E, Lazdins J, Addiss D, Awadzi K, Beach M, Belazario V, Dunyo S, Espinel M, Gyapong J, Hossain M, Ismail M, Jayakody R, Lammie P, Makunde W, Richard-Lenoble D, Selve B, Shenow R, Simonsen P, Wamae C, Weerasooriya M, 2000. An analysis of the safety of the single dose, two drug regimens used in prgrammes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis. Parasitology 121 : S147–S160. [Google Scholar]
  7. Amaral F, Dreyer G, Figueredo-Silva JN, Cavalcanti A, Samico SC, Santos A, Coutino A, 1994. Live adult worms detected by ultrasound in human bancroftian filariasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 50 : 753–757. [Google Scholar]
  8. Dreyer G, Addiss D, Roberts J, Noroes J, Medeiros Z, 1994. Ultrasonic evidence for stability of adult worm location in bancroftian filariasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88 : 558. [Google Scholar]
  9. Noroes J, Dreyer G, Santos A, Mendes VG, Medeiros Z, Addiss D, 1997. Assessment of the effect of diethylcarbamazine on adult Wuchereria bancrofti in vivo. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91 : 78–81. [Google Scholar]
  10. Faris R, Hussein O, El-Setouhy M, Ramzy RM, Weil GJ, 1998. Bancroftian filariasis in Egypt: Visualization of adult worms and subclinical lymphatic pathology by scrotal ultrasound. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 : 864–867. [Google Scholar]
  11. Tobian A, Tarongka N, Biasor M, Bockarie M, Kazura J, King C, 2003. Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound detection and risk factors for filarial-associated hydroceles. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 : 638–642. [Google Scholar]
  12. Mand S, Marfo-Debrekyei Y, Dittrich M, Fischer K, Adjei O, Hoerauf A, 2003. Animated documentation of the filarial dance sign (FDS) in bancroftian filariasis. Filarial J 2 : 3. [Google Scholar]
  13. El-Setouhy M, Ramzy R, Ahmed E, Kandil A, Hussain O, Farid H, Helmy H, Weil G, 2004. A randomized clinical trial comparing single- and multi-dose combination therapy with diethylcarbamazine and albendazole for treatment of Bancroftian filariasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70 : 191–196. [Google Scholar]
  14. Ramzy RMR, Gad AM, Faris R, Weil GJ, 1991. Evaluation of a monoclonal antibody-based antigen assay for diagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti infection in Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg 44 : 691–695. [Google Scholar]
  15. Martin B, 1992. Atlas of Scrotal Ultrasound. New York: Springer-Verlag.
  16. Dreyer G, Figueredo-Silva J, Carvalho K, Amaral F, Ottesen E, 2001. Lymphatic filariasis in children: adenopathy and its evolution in two young girls. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 : 204–207. [Google Scholar]
  17. Dreyer G, Brandao A, Amaral F, Medeiros Z, Addiss D, 1996. Detection by ultrasound of living adult Wuchereria bancrofti in the female breast. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 91 : 95–96. [Google Scholar]
  18. Kazura J, Greenberg J, Perry R, Weil G, Alpers KDM, 1993. Comparison of single-dose diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin for treatment of bancroftian filariasis in Papua New Guinea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 : 804–811. [Google Scholar]
  19. Weil G, Sethumadhavan K, Santhanam S, Jain D, Ghosh T, 1988. Persistence of parasite antigenemia following diethylcarbamazine therapy of bancroftian filariasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 38 : 589–595. [Google Scholar]
  20. Weil G, Lammie P, Richards F, Eberhard M, 1991. Changes in circulating parasite antigen levels after diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin treatment of bancroftian filariasis. J Infect Dis 161 : 814–816. [Google Scholar]
  21. Taylor M, 2003. Wolbachia in the inflammatory pathogenesis of human filariasis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 990 : 444–449. [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.471
Loading
DUPLEX DOPPLER SONOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE AND ALBENDAZOLE THERAPY ON ADULT FILARIAL WORMS AND ADJACENT HOST TISSUES IN BANCROFTIAN FILARIASIS
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 71, 471 (2004); https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.471
/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.471
/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.471
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Received : 15 Apr 2004
  • Accepted : 16 Jun 2004

Most Cited This Month

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error