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The Comparative Toxicities of the Antimonyl Derivatives of the Four Isomeric Potassium Acid Tartrates

The tartar emetic of commerce is commonly prepared from potassium acid D-tartrate. In surveying the literature, no data were found on the toxicities of the three other possible forms of the antimonyl derivatives of potassium acid tartrate and, since information on the influence of configuration on the toxicity of organic antimonials of this type was desired, the three missing isomers were prepared and the LD 50 values determined.

METHOD Potassium antimonyl D,L-tartrate. To a solution of 3.0 g. of potassium hydroxide and 8.4 g. of D,L-tartaric acid in 50 ml. of water was added 7.3 g. of antimony trioxide. The mixture was heated on the steam bath for five hours when nearly all of the oxide had passed into solution. The product was recovered by filtering the hot solution, adding 100 ml. of alcohol and cooling in the refrigerator. The material crystallized as shiny prismatic needles (17 g.).

¹ Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.