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The Efficacy of Chloroquine, Quinacrine, Quinine and Totaquine in the Treatment of Plasmodium Malariae Infections (Quartan Malaria)¹

1. The efficacy of chloroquine, quinacrine, quinine, and totaquine was tested against 79 induced infections of Plasmodium malariae (USPHS and Trinidad strains).

2. Chloroquine gave the best results. Quinacrine was better than quinine. Totaquine gave the poorest results.

3. P. malariae responded relatively slowly to all the drugs tested. Using similar chloroquine regimens, patients were fully cleared by P. vivax parasites in the peripheral blood much faster than of P. malariae, even though the densities of the P. vivax parasites were several times greater at the beginning of treatment.

4. No evidence was found that increased amounts of acquired immunity would aid anti-malarial drugs in the faster clearing of the blood stream from parasites.

¹ Contribution from National Institute of Health, Malaria Research Laboratories, Columbia, S. C. and Milledgeville, Ga.

Appreciation is expressed to the staffs of the South Carolina State Hospital and the Milledgeville (Ga.) State Hospital for their cooperation which made this study possible. Dr. Mark F. Boyd kindly furnished the Trinidad strain of P. malariae. Grateful acknowledgment is extended to the staff of the Malaria Drug Testing Section of the Division of Physiology, National Institute of Health, for supplying the chloroquine used in these studies and for advice as to dosage.