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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 81(3), 2009, pp. 529-533
Copyright © 2009 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Infection of Mosquitoes with Plasmodium falciparum by Feeding on Humans and on Aotus Monkeys

William E. Collins*, Geoffrey M. Jeffery, JoAnn S. Sullivan, Douglas Nace, Tyrone Williams, G. Gale Galland, Allison Williams, AND John W. Barnwell
Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, National Center for Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, and Animal Resources Branch, National Centers for Preparedness and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia

Of 1,004 positive lots of mosquitoes fed on 229 humans infected with Plasmodium falciparum, 46.2% had 1–10 oocysts/(+)gut, 21.2% had 10–30 oocysts/(+)gut, 22.2% had 30–100 oocysts/(+)gut, and 10.4% had > 100 oocysts/(+) gut. The highest levels of infection occurred between 6 and 15 days after the peak in the asexual parasite count. Of 2,281 lots of Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes fed on splenectomized Aotus monkeys infected with the Santa Lucia strain of P. falciparum, 1,191 were infected (52.2%). The highest intensity infections ranged from 2.78 oocysts per positive gut in mosquitoes fed on Aotus vociferans to 6.08 oocysts per positive gut for those fed on A. lemurinus griseimembra to 10.4 oocysts per positive gut for those fed on A. nancymaae. The pattern of infection for mosquitoes fed on splenectomized Aotus monkeys was similar to that obtained by feeding on humans, but the intensity, based on oocyst/(+)gut, was much lower.

Received May 13, 2009. Accepted for publication June 8, 2009.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank the staff of the Animal Resources Branch, the National Center for Preparedness, Detection, and Control of Infectious Diseases, for the care of the animals.

Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

* Address correspondence to William E. Collins, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F-36, 4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341. E-mail: wec1{at}cdc.gov

Authors’ addresses: William E. Collins, JoAnn S. Sullivan, Douglas Nace, and John W. Barnwell, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F-36, 4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341. Geoffrey M. Jeffery, 1085 Blackshear Dr., Apt. B, Decatur, GA 30033. Tyrone Williams, Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, 1630 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA 30033. G. Gale Galland, Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, and Allison Williams, Animal Resources Branch, National Centers for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333.






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Copyright © 2009 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.