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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 81(3), 2009, pp. 396-403
Copyright © 2009 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Transmission Dynamics of Trypanosoma cruzi Determined by Low-Stringency Single Primer Polymerase Chain Reaction and Southern Blot Analyses in Four Indigenous Communities of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

Ingrid B. Rodríguez, Adriana Botero, Ana M. Mejía-Jaramillo, Edna J. Marquez, Sylvia Ortiz, Aldo Solari, AND Omar Triana-Chávez*
Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

This study attempted to evaluate the transmission dynamics of Trypanosoma cruzi in four indigenous communities of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), Colombia. Low-stringency single primer-polymerase chain reaction (LSSP-PCR) of the minicircles and Southern blot analyses were used to characterize samples from patients, vectors, and reservoirs in these communities. The LSSP-PCR profiles revealed a high genetic variability but with similarities among the parasites present in the samples of vectors, patients, and reservoirs of the same and different communities. Cluster and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analyses of data derived from LSSP-PCR and Southern blot suggest a gene flux among populations of T. cruzi circulating in patients, vectors, and reservoirs. The results support the idea that the domestic and wild transmission cycles overlap in the SNSM, with Rhodnius prolixus as the main vector and Triatoma dimidiata playing an important role in the transmission of Chagas disease in this zone, making the vector control strategy by spraying unsuccessful.

Received August 27, 2008. Accepted for publication March 24, 2009.

Acknowledgments: We thank Juan Carlos Dib and Luz Adriana Agudelo for their help in sample collection.

Financial support: This study was supported in part by the Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología "Francisco Jose de Caldas" (COLCIENCIAS project 1115-04-14387), Proyecto de sostenibilidad, University of Antioquia 2007–2008, and the International Cooperation CONICYT—COLCIENCIAS program 2006.

* Address correspondence to Omar Triana-Chávez, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 No 52-59 Laboratorio 620, Medellín, Colombia. E-mail: omar.triana{at}siu.udea.edu.co

Authors’ addresses: Ingrid B. Rodríguez, Adriana Botero, Ana M. Mejía-Jaramillo, Edna J. Marquez, and Omar Triana-Chávez, Grupo BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226, Calle 62 No. 52-59, Medellín, Colombia. Sylvia Ortiz and Aldo Solari, Programa de Biología celular y molecular, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Independencia 1027, Santiago de Chile, Chile.






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