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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 81(3), 2009, pp. 390-395
Copyright © 2009 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Trypanosoma cruzi Circulating in the Southern Region of the State of Mexico (Zumpahuacan) Are Pathogenic: A Dog Model

Alberto Barbabosa-Pliego, Hector M. Díaz-Albiter, Laucel Ochoa-García, Esteban Aparicio-Burgos, Sandra M. López-Heydeck, Valente Velásquez-Ordoñez, Raul C. Fajardo-Muñoz, Sandra Díaz-González, Roberto Montes De Oca-Jimenez, Marco Barbosa-Mireles, Carmen Guzmán-Bracho, Jose G. Estrada-Franco, Nisha Jain Garg*, AND Juan C. Vázquez-Chagoyán*
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México; Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública, Estado de México, Toluca, México; Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológica INDRE, SSA, México City, Mexico; Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas

Here we describe clinical and pathologic evidence of Chagas disease caused in dogs by circulating Trypanosoma cruzi from a newly recognized endemic area in Mexico. We show that the Zumpahuacan isolate, although less virulent than the Sylvio-X10 reference strain that caused acute myocarditis and death, was pathogenic in dogs. Dogs infected with the Zumpahuacan isolate exhibited electrocardiographic alterations, left- and right-ventricle dilation, and hydropericardium. Histologically, diffused perimysial and endomysial lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltration, cardiomyocyte necrosis, and amastigote nests were noted in Zumpahuacan-infected dogs. These findings suggest that the risk of T. cruzi infection and Chagas disease is present in the State of Mexico, and further research is needed to identify the T. cruzi bio-types circulating in southern State of Mexico.

Received March 4, 2008. Accepted for publication April 18, 2009.

Financial support: This work was supported, in part, by grants from the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM) (2381/2006U) to J.C.V.C. and from the National Institutes of Health/ National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI072538) and American Heart Association (0855059F) to N.J.G. J.G.E.F. is supported by National Institutes of Health Grant A125489 and 84863 from CONACYT Mexico.

* Address correspondence to Nisha J. Garg, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, E-mail: nigarg{at}utmb.edu or Juan C. Vázquez-Chagoyán, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterimaria y Zootecnia, Univer-sidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Autopista Toluca-Atlacomulco km 15.5, Toluca 50200, México, E-mail: jcvch{at}yahoo.com

Authors’ addresses: Alberto Barbabosa-Pliego, Esteban Aparicio-Burgos, Sandra M. López-Heydeck, Valente Velásquez-Ordoñez, Raul C. Fajardo-Muñoz, Roberto Montes De Oca-Jimenez, and Juan C. Vázquez-Chagoyán, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterimaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Auto-pista Toluca-Atlacomulco km 15.5, Toluca 50200, México, Tel/Fax: 52-722-2968980 and 2965555, E-mail: abarbabosa{at}yahoo.com.mx, joshekawa{at}hotmail.com, heydeck{at}hotmail.com, vvo{at}uaemex.mx, raul_fajard{at}hotmail.com, romojimenez{at}yahoo.com, and jcvch{at}yahoo.com. Hector M. Díaz-Albiter and Laucel Ochoa-García, Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública, Estado de México, Tollocan S/N Col Moderna de la Cruz, CP 50180 Toluca, México, Tel: 722-214-9613, E-mails: hectormdma{at}yahoo.com and ochoaglau{at}yahoo.com.mx. Sandra Díaz-González and Marco Barbosa-Mireles, Hospital Veterinario para Pequeñas Especies, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Jesús Carranza 203, Col. Universidad, Toluca CP 50130, México, Tel: 722-296-5548, Fax: 722-296-6382, E-mails: sdgv02{at}yahoo.com.mx and abueloba{at}hotmail.com. Carmen Guzmán-Bracho, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos Prolongación de Carpio, 470 Col. Santo Tomás Delegación, Miguel Hidalgo 11340, México, Tel: 55-5342-7568, Fax: 55-7341-4689, E-mail: cguzmanbracho{at}hotmail.com. Jose G. Estrada-Franco and Nisha J. Garg, Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, Tel: 409-747-6865, Fax: 409-747-6869, E-mails: joseestradaf{at}hotmail.com and nigarg{at}utmb.edu.






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