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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 80(4), 2009, pp. 615-618
Copyright © 2009 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


Increasing Isolations of Neisseria meningitides Serogroup A from Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1999–2006

M. Anowar Hossain*, Dilruba Ahmed, Tahmeed Ahmed, Nazrul Islam, AND Robert F. Breiman
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya

 

ABSTRACT

During 1999–2006, 156 isolates of Neisseria meningitidis grew from culture of blood or cerebrospinal fluid at International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Serogroup A was the most prevalent strain (97.7%); the rest were serogroup B (2.3%). Most cases of invasive meningococcal disease (88.5%) were identified in 2002–2004 and most (87.5%) occurred in children, teenagers, and young adults, which reflected a community-wide increase in meningococcal disease incidence during this period, which was not recognized previously. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. Cotrimoxazole resistance steadily increased from 50% to 100% during 2002–2006. Resistance to azithromycin emerged in 2002 (5%), increased to 31% in 2004, but isolates in 2005–2006 were susceptible. Information from broader hospital settings and population-based data would precisely assess trends and impact to define strategies for optimal prevention and empiric therapy.

Received April 6, 2008. Accepted for publication January 3, 2009.

Acknowledgments: We thank all donors for support and commitment to the Centre’s research efforts. We also thank Dr. Tanja Popovic (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA) for confirmation of serogrouping of 20 strains within her laboratory, and Shahriar Bin Elahi (Clinical Laboratory Services) for compilation of laboratory data.

Financial support: This study was supported by the ICDDR, B and its donors, who provide unrestricted support to the centre for its operations and research. Current donors providing unrestricted support include the Australian International Development Agency, the Canadian International Development Agency, the Department for International Development, United Kingdom, the Government of Bangladesh, the Government of Japan, the Government of Sri Lanka, the Government of the Netherlands, the Swedish International Development Cooperative Agency, and the Swiss Development Cooperation.

* Address correspondence to M. Anowar Hossain, Clinical Laboratory Services, Laboratory Sciences Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, 68 Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. E-mail: anowar{at}icddrb.org

Authors’ addresses: M. Anowar Hossain, Dilruba Ahmed, Tahmeed Ahmed, and Nazrul Islam, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Robert F. Breiman, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya.




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E. S. Gurley, M. J. Hossain, S. P. Montgomery, L. R. Petersen, J. J. Sejvar, L. W. Mayer, A. Whitney, P. Dull, N. Nahar, A. K. M. R. Uddin, et al.
Etiologies of Bacterial Meningitis in Bangladesh: Results from a Hospital-Based Study
Am J Trop Med Hyg, September 1, 2009; 81(3): 475 - 483.
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