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Genetic Diversity of Trichomonas vaginalis Clinical Isolates Determined by EcoRI Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism of Heat-Shock Protein 70 Genes

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using a multilocus heat-inducible cytoplasmic heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) hybridization probe with EcoRI-digested genomic DNA was used in molecular typing of 129 Trichomonas vaginalis isolates. Results indicate that Trichomonas organisms exhibit considerable polymorphism in their Hsp70 RFLP patterns. Analysis of seven American Type Culture Collection reference strains and 122 clinical isolates, including 84 isolates from Jackson, Mississippi, 18 isolates from Atlanta, Georgia, and 20 isolates from throughout the United States, showed 105 distinct Hsp70 RFLP pattern subtypes for Trichomonas. Phylogenetic analysis of the Hsp70 RFLP data showed that the T. vaginalis isolates were organized into two clonal lineages. These results illustrate the substantial genomic diversity present in T. vaginalis and indicate that a large number of genetically distinct Trichomonas isolates may be responsible for human trichomoniasis in the United States.

Received May 1, 2008. Accepted for publication October 11, 2008.

^* Address correspondence to John C. Meade, Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505. E-mail: jmeade{at}microbio.umsmed.edu

Authors’ addresses: John C. Meade and William B. Lushbaugh, Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505. Jacqueline de Mestral, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 1X5. Jonathan K. Stiles, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, Atlanta, GA 30310-1495. W. Evan Secor, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Mailstop F-13, Atlanta, GA 30341. Richard W. Finley and John D. Cleary, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505.

Reprint requests: John C. Meade, Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505.