AJTMH Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 79(6), 2008, pp. 856-863
Copyright © 2008 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Efficacy of Ivermectin and Albendazole Alone and in Combination for Treatment of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Pregnancy and Adverse Events: A Randomized Open Label Controlled Intervention Trial in Masindi District, Western Uganda

Richard Ndyomugyenyi*, Narcis Kabatereine, Annette Olsen, AND Pascal Magnussen
Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda; DBL- Centre for Health Research and Development, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark

A randomized open-label trial, including 834 pregnant women, examined efficacy and recorded adverse events of ivermectin (ivc) and albendazole (alb) alone and combined (comb) on soil-transmitted helminth infections (STHs) in the second trimester of pregnancy. One abortion occurred in the alb group and 10 stillbirths (1, 5, 3, and 1) in the ivc, alb, comb, and the reference group (ref) with no STHs, respectively. Two babies were born with congenital abnormalities (1 [ivc] and 1 [ref]). The prevalence of anemia at first antenatal care (ANC) visit was 20.6% (23.7% [ivc], 21.1% [alb], 22.2% [comb], and 16.1% [ref]). Anemia was reduced to 8.5% at 36 weeks of gestation with 10.9% (ivc), 11.5% (alb), 7.7% (comb), and 6.9% (ref). Hookworm cure rates were 29.4% (ivc), 95.5% (alb), and 92.6% (comb). No severe adverse events were reported by the women after the administration of ivc, alb, or comb during the second trimester of pregnancy, but long-term pharmacovigillance is needed to assess safety of ivc, alb, or comb in pregnancy.

Received March 13, 2008. Accepted for publication September 16, 2008.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank the staff of Bwijanga Health Centre for the keen interest they had in the study and for examining and following up the pregnant women at birth and at one-month post delivery. Thanks also go to Mr. Moses Arinaitwe and Mr. James Kirunda for examining the stool smears for intestinal helminths and blood slides for malaria parasites, respectively. Appreciation also goes to the pregnant women who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.

Financial support: Funding for the study was provided by DBL-Centre for Health Research and Development. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) assisted with publication expenses.

* Address correspondence to Richard Ndyomugyenyi, Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 161, Kampala, Uganda. E-mail: notf{at}vcdmoh.go.ug

Authors’ addresses: Richard Ndyomugyenyi, Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 161, Kampala, Uganda, Fax: 0414 348339, E-mail: notf{at}vcdmoh.go.ug.






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Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.