AJTMH Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 79(5), 2008, pp. 673-677
Copyright © 2008 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Serum Levels of Cytokines in Two Ethnic Groups with Dengue Virus Infection

Berta N. Restrepo*, Ruth E. Ramirez, Margarita Arboleda, Gonzalo Alvarez, Marta Ospina, AND Francisco J. Diaz
Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Antioquia, Colombia; Facultad de Odontología, Universidad CES, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; Grupo Malaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Laboratorio Departamental de Salud Publica, Direccion Seccional de Salud de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Inmunovirologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

This study compared the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-{alpha}), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon gamma (IFN-{gamma}) in 78 Colombian patients, from two ethnic groups, with dengue virus infection. TNF-{alpha} levels were significantly higher in Afro-Colombians than in Mestizos and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in Mestizos than in Afro-Colombians, during the acute phase. IFN-{gamma} levels were similar in both ethnic groups. Significantly higher TNF-{alpha} levels were found in Afro-Colombians than in Mestizos in both dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The IL-6 levels were higher in Mestizos than in Afro-Colombians among patients with DF, but levels of this cytokine were higher in Afro-Colombians than in Mestizos among patients with DHF. Levels of IFN-{gamma} were higher in patients with DHF than DF. Higher levels of these cytokines were observed in secondary infection. These results suggest that ethnicity may contribute to differences in immune responses to dengue infections.

Received August 31, 2007. Accepted for publication August 4, 2008.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Gladys Cartagena of the Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical and Dario Ibarguen of Direccion Seccional de Salud de Choco for their help in the field, and Amanda Maestre for reviewing the manuscript.

Financial support: Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología "Francisco José de Caldas," COLCIENCIAS, Colombia. Project No. 32560416286.

* Address correspondence to Berta N. Restrepo, Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Antioquia, Colombia. E-mail: brestrepo{at}ces.edu.co

Authors’ addresses: Berta N. Restrepo, Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Antioquia, Colombia, Tel: 574-3053500 ext. 293, E-mail: brestrepo{at}ces.edu.co. Ruth E. Ramirez, Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, Antioquia, Colombia, Tel: 574-3053500, ext. 292, Fax: 574-3014258, E-mail: rramirez{at}ces.edu.co. Margarita Arboleda, Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Apartado, Antioquia, Colombia, Tel: 574-8281708, Fax: 574-8281708, E-mail: medicinatropical{at}edatel.net.co. Luis G. Alvarez, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad CES, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia, Tel: 574-4440555, ext. 326, Fax: 574-2666046, E-mail: lgalvarez{at}ces.edu.co, or Grupo de Malaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia, Tel: 574-2106487, Fax: 574-2106487, E-mail: lalvarez{at}ces.edu.co. Marta Ospina, Laboratorio Departamental de Salud Publica, Direccion Seccional de Salud de Antioquia, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia, Tel: 574-2623409, Fax: 574-2622677, E-mail: MOspinao{at}antioquia.gov.co. Francisco J. Diaz, Grupo Inmunovirologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia, Tel: 574-2196484, Fax: 574-2196565, E-mail: franciscodiaz314{at}gmail.com.






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