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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 79(1), 2008, pp. 128-132
Copyright © 2008 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


Antigenic Relationships between Sylvatic and Endemic Dengue Viruses

Nikos Vasilakis, Anna P. Durbin, Amelia P. A. Travassos da Rosa, Jorge L. Munoz-Jordan, Robert B. Tesh, AND Scott C. Weaver*
Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Molecular Virology and Surveillance Laboratory, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Dengue Branch, San Juan, Puerto Rico

 

ABSTRACT

Sylvatic dengue viruses (DENVs) are transmitted between non-human primates and arboreal Aedes spp. mosquitoes in Southeast Asia and west Africa. Recent evidence suggests that the risk for re-emergence of sylvatic DENV into the urban endemic/epidemic cycle may be high, which could limit the potential for eradicating the human transmission cycle with vaccines now under development. We assessed the likelihood of sylvatic DENV re-emergence in the face of immunity to current endemic strains or vaccines by evaluating the neutralization capacity of sera from DENV vaccinees and convalescent patients after primary infection with DENV-2 and DENV-3 serotypes. Our data indicate robust homotypic cross-immunity between human sera and sylvatic DENV strains, but limited heterotypic neutralization. Should a licensed vaccine lead to the eradication of the urban transmission cycle in the future, re-emergence of sylvatic strains into the urban cycle would be limited by homotypic immunity mediated by virus-neutralizing antibodies.

Received December 21, 2007. Accepted for publication March 16, 2008.

Acknowledgments: We thank M. Estes for critical review of the manuscript.

Financial support: Nikos Vasilakis was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fellowship Training Program in Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (T01/CCT622892).

Disclosure: The authors have no conflicting financial interests.

* Address correspondence to Scott C. Weaver, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, and Department of Pathology Keiller 3.135, 301 University Boulevard, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609. E-mail: sweaver{at}utmb.edu

Authors’ addresses: Nikos Vasilakis, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, 9051 Biomedical Sciences Tower 3, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. Anna P. Durbin, Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Hampton House, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205. Amelia P. A. Travassos da Rosa, Robert B. Tesh, and Scott C. Weaver, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Keiller Building, Galveston, TX 77555-0609. Jorge L. Munoz-Jordan, Molecular Virology and Surveillance Laboratory, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920.






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