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The evaluation of human antibody response specific to arthropod saliva may be a useful marker of exposure to vector-borne disease. Such an immunologic tool, applied to the evaluation of the exposure to Glossina bites, could be integrated in the control of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). The antibody (IgG) response specific to uninfected Glossina fuscipes fuscipes saliva was evaluated according to the vector exposure and trypanic status in individuals residing in an HAT-endemic area. A high level of anti-saliva IgG antibodies was only detected in exposed individuals, whether infected or not by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. In addition, the evaluation of specific IgG response represented spatial heterogeneity according to studied sites. These results suggest that the evaluation of anti-saliva IgG could be an indicator of Glossina exposure and thus could be integrated in other available tools to identify populations presenting risks of HAT transmission.
Received September 21, 2007. Accepted for publication December 10, 2007.
Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully acknowledge the population of the Bandundu area for participation in the study. The authors thank G. Cuny (IRD-UR177) for access to tsetse flies bred in the insectarium and A. M. Dupuy and the occupational health team of Lapeyronie Hospital (Montpellier, France) for access to negative sera from personnel.
Financial support: Anne Poinsignon is supported by a scholarship provided by the Research Ministry of France; Sylvie Cornelie holds a fellowship from the French "Fonds Inkerman" and the "Fondation Singer Polignac"; and David Courtin holds a fellowship from the French "Fondation des Treilles". The study in DRC received grant support from "Institut de Médecine et Epidémiologie Africaine" (IMEA) and the "Institut de Recherche pour le Développement."
* Address correspondence to Anne Poinsignon, IRD-UR024, Epidémiologie and Prévention, Routes des Pères Maristes, BP 1386, 18524 Dakar, Sénégal. E-mail: anne.poinsignon{at}ird.fr
Authors’ addresses: Anne Poinsignon, IRD-UR024, Epidémiologie and Prévention, Routes des Pères Maristes, BP 1386, 18524 Dakar, Sénégal, Telephone: 221-849-35-55, Fax: 221-832-43-07, E-mail: anne.poinsignon{at}ird.fr. Franck Remoue, IRD-UR024, Epidémiologie and Prévention, Routes des Pères Maristes, BP 1386, 18524 Dakar, Sénégal, Telephone: 221-849-35-33, Fax: 221-832-43-07, E-mail: remoue{at}ird.sn. Marie Rossignol, IRD-UR024, Epidémiologie and Prévention, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Telephone: 33-4-67-41-63-32, Fax: 33-4-67-41-63-30, E-mail: senglat{at}mpl.ird.fr. Sylvie Cornelie, IRD-UR024, Epidémi-ologie and Prévention, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Telephone: 33-4-67-41-61-48, Fax: 33-4-67-41-63-30, E-mail: cornelie{at}mpl.ird.fr. David Courtin, IRD-UR010, Santé de la mère et de l’enfant en milieu tropical, Faculté de pharmacie, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75270 Paris, France, Telephone: 33-1-53-73-96-17, Fax: 33-1-53-73-96-17, E-mail: d.courtin{at}gmail.com. Pascal Grébaut, LRCT IRD/CIRAD, UMR 177, Interactions Hôtes-Vecteurs-Parasites dans les Trypanosomoses, TA 207 G, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France, Tel/Fax: 33-4-67-59-39-25, E-mail: pascal.grebaut{at}ird.fr. Andre Garcia, IRD-UR010, Santé de la mère et de l’enfant en Milieu Tropical, La résidence "Les cocotiers," 08 BP 841 Cotonou, Bénin, Telephone: 229-21-30-98-21, Fax: 229-21-95-45-51-14, E-mail: andre.garcia{at}ird.fr. Francois Simondon, IRD-UR024, Epidémiologie and Prévention, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, Telephone: 33-4-67-41-61-62, Fax: 33-4-67-41-63-30, E-mail: francois.simondon{at}mpl.ird.fr.
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