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Vector Competence of Eastern and Western Forms of Psorophora columbiae (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes for Enzootic and Epizootic Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) continues to circulate enzootically in Mexico with the potential to re-emerge and cause disease in equines and humans in North America. We infected two geographically distinct mosquito populations of eastern Psorophora columbiae form columbiae (Chiapas, Mexico and Texas, United States) and one mosquito population of western Psorophora columbiae form toltecum (California, United States) with epizootic and enzootic IE VEEV and epizootic IAB VEEV. We detected no differences between epizootic and enzootic IE viruses in their ability to infect any of the mosquito populations analyzed, which suggested that neither species selects for epizootic IE viruses. Psorophora columbiae f. columbiae (Texas) were significantly less susceptible to infection by epizootic IE than Ps. columbiae f. columbiae (Mexico). Psorophora columbiae f. toltecum populations were more susceptible than Ps. columbiae f. columbiae populations to epizootic IE and IAB viruses.

Received February 22, 2007. Accepted for publication December 9, 2007.

Acknowledgments: We thank Bronca Lothrop (Coachela Valley Mosquito Abatement District) for coordinating the trapping of P. columbiae f. toltecum mosquitoes and Dr. Frederick Tripet for helping with collections in California. We also thank personnel from the Centro de Investigación de Paludismo in Chiapas for their expert assistance in the capture and transport of P. columbiae mosquitoes for this project.

Financial support: This study was supported by grant AI39800 and contract AI25489 from the National Institutes of Health, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the World Bank.

^* Address correspondence to Abelardo C. Moncayo, Vector-Borne Diseases Section, Communicable and Environmental Diseases, Tennessee Department of Health, 630 Hart Lane, Nashville, TN 37216. E-mail: Abelardo.Moncayo{at}state.tn.us

Authors’ addresses: Abelardo C. Moncayo, Vector-Borne Disease Section, Communicable and Environmental Diseases, Tennessee Department of Health, 630 Hart Lane, Nashville, TN 37216, E-mail: abelardo.moncayo{at}state.tn.us. Gregory Lanzaro, University of California Mosquito Research Program, Department of Entomology, 396C Briggs Hall, 1 Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616. Wenli Kang and Scott C. Weaver, Center for Tropical Diseases and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609. Arnoldo Orozco and Armando Ulloa, Centro de Investigación de Paludismo, Instituto National de Salud Publica, Apartado Postal 537, Tapachula Chiapas 30700, Mexico. Juan Arredondo-Jiménez, Departamento de Salud Publica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950 Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico.