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Detection of Four Adenovirus Serotypes within Water-Isolated Strains of Acanthamoeba in the Canary Islands, Spain

We surveyed 236 potentially pathogenic Acanthamoeba strains, isolated from water sources in the Canary Islands, for the presence of human adenoviruses (HAdV) using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based typing assay. A total of 34 of these strains were found to be positive for adenovirus belonging to four different HAdV serotypes (HAdV-1, 2, 8, and 37). We found that HAdV-2 was the most frequently encountered serotype amongst the Acanthamoeba strains, and their identification was confirmed by a nested PCR specific for this serotype. We showed that Acanthamoeba genotype T4 was highly associated with serotype HAdV-2, whereas Acanthamoeba genotype T3 was most often associated with adenovirus serotypes related to ocular diseases. Based on these data, we suggest that Acanthamoeba should be considered as a potential reservoir and perhaps even a transmitter of adenoviruses to human and other secondary hosts.

Received April 4, 2007. Accepted for publication May 8, 2007.

Financial support: This work was funded by the projects RICET (Project C03/04 of the Programme of Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa), Spanish Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain, and the Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación del Gobierno de Canarias Project PI042005/049. J. Lorenzo-Morales was supported by a postdoctoral contract from the Dirección General de Fomento e Innovación Tecnológica, Consejería de Industria, Comercio y Nuevas Tecnologías of the Canary Islands Government IDT-TF-06/055. Biopolis-Interreg IIIB (Canarias, Acores, Madeira).

^* Address correspondence to Basilio Valladares, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n 38203 La Laguna, Canary Islands, Spain. E-mail: bvallada{at}ull.es

Authors’ addresses: Jacob Lorenzo-Morales, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales Y Salud Püblica de Canarias, Av. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, Phone: 34-922318490, Fax: 34-922318514, E-mail: jmlorenz{at}ull.es. Nieves Coronado-Álvarez, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales Y Salud Püblica de Canarias, Av. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, Phone: 34-922318490, Fax: 34-922318514, E-mail: nicoal{at}ull.es. Enrique Martínez-Carretero, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales Y Salud Pública de Canarias, Av. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, Phone: 34-922318490, Fax: 34-922318514, E-mail: emartine{at}ull.es. Sutherland K. Maciver, Centre for Integrative Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Scotland, Phone/ Fax: 44-131-650-3714, E-mail: smaciver{at}staffmail.ed.ac.uk. Basilio Valladares, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n 38203 La Laguna, Canary Islands, Spain, Telephone: 34-922-318484, Fax: 34-922-318514, E-mail: bvallada{at}ull.es.