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Epidemiologic and Ultrasonographic Study of Echinococcosis in a Community in the State of México

No epidemiologic study for cystic echinococcosis in México has yet been described. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence and distribution of human echinococcosis in a community of the state of México and its probable risk factors. A cross-sectional study was performed; household census was used to randomly select houses. The larval stage of Echinococcus was searched by ultrasound in liver, spleen, and kidney. A questionnaire was used for the investigation of risk factors. The study was performed with 401 persons, 64% were female. The prevalence of echinococcosis was 0.75%. Cases were distributed in the same sector of the community. The close distribution of cases suggests the same exposure source. There were 426 dogs in the community; feces were collected from 414 of these in search of cestode eggs. After treatment, 3 dogs had Taenia pisiformis but none had Echinococcus. This paper pioneers the search of human echinococcosis in México because it provides evidence of the presence of this tissue parasite at the community level.

Received December 7, 2006. Accepted for publication March 19, 2007.

Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Christine Budke (Texas A&M University) for critical review of the manuscript. We also thank QBP Fernando Gonzalez (Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez") for assistance with Figure 1. PAPIIT/UNAM (grant IN218503) supported fieldwork for dog fecal analysis; CONACYT (grant SNI/2543) supported A.G.M.

^* Address correspondence to Ana Flisser, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, 04510 México DF, Mexico. E-mail: flisser{at}servidor.unam.mx

Authors’ addresses: Pilar Mata-Miranda, Ulises Rodríguez-Prado, América Gutiérrez-Marín, and Pablo Maravilla, Dirección de Investigación. Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", México DF 14000, Mexico. Israel Osnaya-Palma and Luis Villalvaso, División de Radiología, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", México DF 14000, Mexico. Marcos Tawil and Sandy Hernández-González, Diplomado en Ultrasonido, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico. Miguel Solano-Ceh, Programa de Residencia en Epidemiología Aplicada, Dirección General de Epidemiología, México DF 01480, Mexico. José Juan Martínez-Maya, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico. Guadalupe García-de-la-Torre, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico. Ana Flisser, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico.

Reprint requests: Ana Flisser, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, 04510 México DF, Mexico. E-mail: flisser{at}servidor.unam.mx.