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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 77(3), 2007, pp. 464-466
Copyright © 2007 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


Development of a Molecular Assay to Detect Predation on Anopheles gambiae Complex Larval Stages

Erika Schielke, Carlo Costantini, Gianmaria Carchini, N’Falé Sagnon, Jeffrey Powell*, AND Adalgisa Caccone
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Unite de Recherche 016, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso; Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

 

ABSTRACT

We developed a molecular assay to detect predation on Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) mosquitoes. This intergenic spacer ribosomal DNA polymerase chain reaction assay and restriction enzyme analysis uses An. gambiae-specific primers to detect mosquito DNA in the DNA extracts from whole invertebrate predators, which enables identification of species (An. gambiae s.s. versus An. arabiensis) and molecular forms (M versus S in An. gambiae s.s.). We show that An. gambiae s.l. DNA can be detected after ingestion by members of the families Lestidae (order Odonata) after four hours, Libellulidae (order Odonata) after six hours, and Notonectidae (order Hemiptera) after 24 hours. This method is an improvement over previously published methods because of ease of execution and increased time of detection after ingestion.

Received September 19, 2006. Accepted for publication May 8, 2007.

Acknowledgments: We thank Antoine Sanou and the staff at the Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme for assistance with field collections and laboratory work in Burkina Faso, and Dr. L. Zheng (Yale University) for providing larval G3 An. gambiae.

Financial support: This study was supported by a Yale Institute for Biosphere Studies Field Ecology Pilot Grant and the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Chair’s Discretionary Fund to Erika Schielke, and National Institutes of Health grant R01 AI46018 to Jeffrey Powell.

* Address correspondence to Jeffrey Powell, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, PO Box 208106, New Haven, CT 06520-8106. E-mail: jeffrey.powell{at}yale.edu

Authors’ addresses: Erika Schielke, Jeffrey Powell, and Adalgisa Caccone, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, PO Box 208106, New Haven, CT, 06520-8106, E-mails: erika.schielke{at}yale.edu, jeffrey.powell{at}yale.edu, and adalgisa.caccone{at}yale.edu. Carlo Costantini, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Antenne Institut de Recherche pour le Développement de Bobo-Dioulasso, 01 BP 171, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, E-mail: carlo.costantini{at}ird.bf. Gianmaria Carchini, Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, I 00133, Rome, Italy, E-mail: carchini{at}uniroma2.it. N’Falé Sagnon, Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, 01 BP 2208 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, E-mail: n.fale.cnlp{at}fasonet.bf.






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Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.