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TWO CASES OF HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME IN RANDOLPH COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA: A COINCIDENCE OF TIME AND PLACE?

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is caused by an infection with viruses of the genus Hantavirus in the western hemisphere. Rodent hosts of hantaviruses are present throughout the United States. In July 2004, two HPS case-patients were identified in Randolph County, WV: a wildlife science graduate student working locally and a Randolph County resident. We interviewed family members and colleagues, reviewed medical records, and conducted environmental studies at likely exposure sites. Small mammals were trapped, and blood, urine, and tissue samples were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for laboratory analyses. These analyses confirmed that both patients were infected with Monongahela virus, a Sin Nombre hantavirus variant hosted by the Cloudland deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus nubiterrae. Other than one retrospectively diagnosed case in 1981, these are the first HPS cases reported in West Virginia. These cases emphasize the need to educate the public throughout the United States regarding risks and prevention measures for hantavirus infection.

Received March 2, 2006. Accepted for publication November 27, 2006.

Acknowledgments: We thank the Randolph County Health Department, Elkins, WV, Patrick D. Keyser, PhD, CWB, MeadWestvaco Corporation, Rupert, WV, Melanie Fisher, MD, Ruby Memorial Hospital, Morgantown, WV, James Crum, PhD, West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, Elkins, WV, Marcella Kelly, PhD, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, Katherine Schlatter, Knight Journalism Fellow, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, CDC, and Jennifer Betts Oliver, Deborah Cannon, Kim Slaughter, Thomas Stevens, and Patrick Stockton, Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, CDC.

^* Address correspondence to Julie R. Sinclair, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop E-73, Atlanta, GA 30333. E-mail: bwg5{at}cdc.gov

Authors’ addresses: Julie R. Sinclair, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop E-73, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 267-625-9568, Fax: 404-498-1112, E-mail: bwg5{at}cdc.gov. Darin S. Carroll, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-43, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1719, Fax: 404-639-1060, E-mail: dcarroll{at}cdc.gov. Joel M. Montgomery, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1720, Fax: 404-639-1118, E-mail: jmontgomery{at}cdc.gov. Boris Pavlin, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop A-26, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-0544, Fax: 404-639-1118, E-mail: bpavlin{at}cdc.gov. Katherine McCombs, Virginia Department of Health, Christiansburg, VA, Telephone: 540-381-7100 ext. 189, Fax: 540-381-7104, E-mail: katherine.mccombs{at}vdh.virginia.gov. James N. Mills, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1396, Fax: 404-639-1509, E-mail: jum0{at}cdc.gov. James A. Comer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-4565, Fax: 404-639-1118, E-mail: jnc0{at}cdc.gov. Thomas G. Ksiazek, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1115, Fax: 404-639-1118, E-mail: tgk0{at}cdc.gov. Pierre E. Rollin, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-14, At-lanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1115, Fax: 404-639-1118, E-mail: pyr3{at}cdc.gov. Stuart T. Nichol, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1115, E-mail: stn1{at}cdc.gov. Angela J. Sanchez, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1141, E-mail: amj4{at}cdc.gov. Christina L. Hutson, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop G-43, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-1081, Fax: 404-639-1060, E-mail: zuu6{at}cdc.gov. Michael Bell, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop A-07, Atlanta, GA, Telephone: 404-639-6490, E-mail: zzb8{at}cdc.gov. Jane A. Rooney, USDA, APHIS, 4700 River Road, Unit 27, Suite 3A43, Riverdale, MD 20737, Telephone: 301-734-5750, Fax: 301-734-5750, E-mail: Jane.A.Rooney{at}aphis.usda.gov.