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PRODUCTION BY PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS WITH CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AMEBIASIS
The contribution of interferon-
(IFN-) to immunity from amebiasis was assessed in a three-year prospective study of children 2–5 years of age in an urban slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. IFN- produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with soluble amebic antigen was measured upon enrollment. Thirty-one of the 209 enrolled children had Entamoeba histolytica–associated diarrhea. Children who produced higher than the median level of IFN- (median = 580 pg/mL) had longer survival without E. histolytica diarrhea/dysentery (log rank test P = 0.03) and a reduction in the risk of E. histolytica diarrhea/dysentery by more than half (Cox proportional hazard regression = 0.45, P = 0.04). When adjusted for stunting, the association between IFN- and the time to the first episode of E. histolytica-associated diarrhea remained marginally significant (Cox proportional hazard regression = 0.49, P = 0.07). We conclude that production of IFN- is linked to nutritional status and predicts future susceptibility to symptomatic amebiasis.
Received September 13, 2006. Accepted for publication October 17, 2006.
Acknowledgments: We thank the parents and children of Mirpur for their participation in the study.
Financial support: This study was conducted at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Center for Health and Population Research and supported by a grant (AI-43596) from the National Institutes of Health. This research was also supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health. Rashidul Haque is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Research Scholar.
Disclosure: William A. Petri Jr. received research support from TechLab, Inc. and royalties from a patent license agreement with TechLab for a diagnostic test for amebiasis. These royalties accrue to the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene without benefit to William A. Petri Jr.
* Address correspondence to William A. Petri, Jr., Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Room 2115 MR4 Building, PO Box 801340, Lane Road, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1340. E-mail: wap3g{at}virginia.edu
Authors’ addresses: Rashidul Haque, Dinesh Mondal, Shantanu Roy, and Mamun Kabir, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Jianfen Shu, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1340. Andrea N. Davis and William A. Petri Jr, Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1340, Telephone: 434-924-5621, Fax: 434-924-0075, E-mail: wap3g{at}viriginia.edu. Priya Duggal, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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