HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (2) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by SHARP, B. L. Articles by BARRETO, A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by SHARP, B. L. Articles by BARRETO, A. Related Collections Malaria

SEVEN YEARS OF REGIONAL MALARIA CONTROL COLLABORATION—MOZAMBIQUE, SOUTH AFRICA, AND SWAZILAND

The Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative is a joint development program between the governments of Mozambique, Swaziland, and South Africa, which includes malaria control as a core component of the initiative. Vector control through indoor residual spraying (IRS) was incrementally introduced in southern Mozambique between November 2000 and February 2004. Surveillance to monitor its impact was conducted by annual cross-sectional surveys to assess the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection, entomologic monitoring, and malaria case notification in neighboring South Africa and Swaziland. In southern Mozambique, there was a significant reduction in P. falciparum prevalence after the implementation of IRS, with an overall relative risk of 0.74 for each intervention year (P < 0.001), ranging from 0.66 after the first year to 0.93 after the fifth intervention year. Substantial reductions in notified malaria cases were reported in South Africa and Swaziland over the same period. The success of the program in reducing malaria transmission throughout the target area provides a strong argument for investment in regional malaria control.

Received July 27, 2006. Accepted for publication September 5, 2006.

Acknowledgments: This program would not have been possible without political, technical, and staff support of the Ministries of Health of Mozambique and Swaziland, the South African Department of Health, the University of Cape Town, and the Medical Research Council of South Africa. The South African Ministry of Tourism and Andrew Zaloumis, Manager of the LSDI, are acknowledged for consistent support and encouragement, without which this project would not have succeeded.

Financial support: The authors acknowledge the financial support of the South African Business Trust, B.H.P. Billiton, the South African Government, the Mozambique Ministry of Health, the South African Department of Science and Technology, and the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. The South African Innovation Fund contributed toward the Decision Support System for the LSDI.

^* Address correspondence to Immo Kleinschmidt, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa. E-mail: ikleinschmidt{at}mrc.ac.za

Authors’ addresses: Brian L. Sharp, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban, South Africa, Telephone: 27-31-20304700, Fax: 27-31-203-4701, E-mail: sharpb{at}mrc.ac.za. Immo Kleinschmidt, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa, Telephone: 27-31-203-4806, Fax: 27-31-203-4704, E-mail: ikleinschmidt{at}mrc.ac.za. Elizabeth Streat, Maputo Province Directorate of Health, Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative Malaria Program, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique. Rajendra Maharaj, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa. Karen I. Barnes, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. David N. Durrheim, Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. Frances C. Ridl, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa. Natashia Morris, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa. Ishen Seocharan, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa. Simon Kunene, Malaria Control Programme, Department of Health, Manzini, Swaziland. Jacobus J.P. la Grange, Malaria Control Programme, Mpumalanga Provincial Department of Health, Nelspruit, South Africa. Jotham D. Mthembu, Malaria Control Programme, KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, Jozini, South Africa. Francois Maartens, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa. Carrin Martin, Medical Research Council, 491 Ridge Road, Durban 4091, South Africa. Avertino Barreto, National Health Directorate, Department of Epidemiology and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. Raman, B. Sharp, I. Kleinschmidt, C. Roper, E. Streat, V. Kelly, and K. I. Barnes Differential Effect of Regional Drug Pressure on Dihydrofolate Reductase and Dihydropteroate Synthetase Mutations in Southern Mozambique Am J Trop Med Hyg, February 1, 2008; 78(2): 256 - 261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Keating, T. P. Eisele, A. Bennett, D. Johnson, and K. Macintyre A Description of Malaria-Related Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practices in the Artibonite Valley of Haiti: Implications for Malaria Control Am J Trop Med Hyg, February 1, 2008; 78(2): 262 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. G. Breman and C. N. Holloway Malaria Surveillance Counts Am J Trop Med Hyg, December 1, 2007; 77(6_Suppl): 36 - 47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Sadasivaiah, Y. Tozan, and J. G Breman Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) for Indoor Residual Spraying in Africa: How Can It Be Used for Malaria Control? Am J Trop Med Hyg, December 1, 2007; 77(6_Suppl): 249 - 263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. KLEINSCHMIDT, M. TORREZ, C. SCHWABE, L. BENAVENTE, I. SEOCHARAN, D. JITUBOH, G. NSENG, and B. SHARP FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MALARIA CONTROL IN BIOKO ISLAND, EQUATORIAL GUINEA Am J Trop Med Hyg, June 1, 2007; 76(6): 1027 - 1032. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]