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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 76(1), 2007, pp. 132-134
Copyright © 2007 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


CLINICAL AND HISTOLOGIC FEATURES OF SKIN LESIONS IN A CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED WITH MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS (BURULI ULCER) BY INTRADERMAL INOCULATION

DOUGLAS S. WALSH*, EDUARDO C. DELA CRUZ, RODOLFO M. ABALOS, ESTERLINA V. TAN, GERALD P. WALSH{dagger}, FRANÇOISE PORTAELS, AND WAYNE M. MEYERS
Department of Immunology and Medicine, US Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand; Leonard Wood Memorial Center for Leprosy Research, Cebu, Philippines; Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Environmental and Infectious Disease Sciences, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC

 

ABSTRACT

Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is a destructive infection that most commonly affects the skin. Animal models for Buruli ulcer include guinea pigs, rats, mice, and armadillos, but each is limited in replicating the spectrum of human disease. Here, a cynomolgus monkey was infected with two concentrations of M. ulcerans (1.0 and 2.2 x 108) by intradermal inoculation, 3 months apart. All injection sites developed papules that progressed to ulcers with undermined borders within 2–4 weeks. The rate of progression and size of the ulcers were proportional to the numbers of organisms inoculated. Biopsies from ulcer edges showed ulceration, robust inflammatory cell infiltrates, granulomatous-like responses, mild edema, and extracellular acid-fast bacilli. The ulcers healed spontaneously between Weeks 8 and 12, with no signs of systemic infection. This report, the first to describe a non-human primate experimentally infected with M. ulcerans, suggests that cynomolgus monkeys are modestly susceptible and develop some of the clinical and histologic features of Buruli ulcer.

Received July 28, 2006. Accepted for publication September 3, 2006.

Acknowledgments: We thank the LWM Vivarium and Laboratory Branch staff, especially Paulina Sadaya, for assistance.

Disclaimer: The views of the authors do not purport to reflect the position of the US Department of the Army or Department of Defense.

* Address correspondence to Douglas S. Walsh, USAMRU-K, Unit 64109, APO, AE, USA, 09831. E-mail: dwalsh{at}wrp-ksm.org

{dagger} Deceased

Authors’ addresses: Douglas S. Walsh, US Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya, KEMRI/Walter Reed Project, PO Box 54, Kisumu, Kenya, Telephone: 254-733-619-322, E-mail: dwalsh{at}wrp-ksm.org. Eduardo C. Dela Cruz, Rodolfo M. Abalos, and Esterlina V. Tan, Leonard Wood Memorial Center for Leprosy Research, PO Box 727, Cebu, Philippines, Telephone: 63-32-345-1545, E-mail: lwmrectr{at}cvis.net.ph. Françoise Portaels, Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, Telephone: 32-3-247-6317, E-mail: portaels{at}itg.be. and Wayne M. Meyers, Department of Environmental and Infectious Disease Sciences, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20036, Telephone: 202-782-1873, E-mail: wmekmeyers{at}comcast.com






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Copyright © 2007 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.