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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 75(2), 2006, pp. 356-362
Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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EFFECTS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ON WEST NILE VIRUS INFECTION IN HAMSTERS

ROSA MATEO, SHU-YUAN XIAO, HILDA GUZMAN, HAO LEI, AMELIA P. A. TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, AND ROBERT B. TESH*
Department of Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas

A research study, comparing the pathogenesis of experimental West Nile virus (WNV) infection in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed golden hamsters, is described. Cyclophosphamide was used to immunosuppress the animals. The immunosuppressed hamsters had a prolonged period of viremia, depressed humoral immune response, more extensive and severe pathology, and higher fatality rate than the untreated immunocompetent animals. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of tissues from the two groups showed that pathologic changes in the untreated infected animals were confined to the brain and spinal cord, whereas the histopathological changes and WNV antigen distribution in the immunosuppressed animals were much more extensive and diffuse, involving the adrenal, kidney, heart and lung, and brain and spinal cord. Results of this study in the hamster model provide insight into the increased severity of WNV infection observed in immunosuppressed people.

Received January 24, 2006. Accepted for publication April 16, 2006.

Financial support: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Contracts NO1-AI25489 and NO1-AI 30027. R.M. was supported by the James W. McLaughlin Fellowship Fund.

* Address correspondence to Dr. Robert B. Tesh, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0609. E-mail: rtesh{at}utmb.edu

Authors’ addresses: Rosa Mateo, Shu-Yuan Xiao, Hilda Guzman, Hao Lei, Amelia P. A. Travassos da Rosa, and Robert B. Tesh, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, Telephone: 409-747-2431, Fax: 409-747-2429, E-mail: rtesh{at}utmb.edu.

Reprint requests: Robert B. Tesh, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, E-mail: rtesh{at}utmb.edu.




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R. I. Mateo, S.-Y. Xiao, A. P. A. T. da Rosa, H. Lei, H. Guzman, L. Lu, and R. B. Tesh
Yellow Fever 17-D Vaccine Is Neurotropic and Produces Encephalitis in Immunosuppressed Hamsters
Am J Trop Med Hyg, November 1, 2007; 77(5): 919 - 924.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 2006 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.