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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 75(1), 2006, pp. 26-28
Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


IMMUNE RESPONSE AND OCCURRENCE OF DENGUE INFECTION IN THAI CHILDREN THREE TO EIGHT YEARS AFTER VACCINATION WITH LIVE ATTENUATED TETRAVALENT DENGUE VACCINE

PORNTHEP CHANTHAVANICH, CHRISTINE LUXEMBURGER*, CHUKIAT SIRIVICHAYAKUL, KESWADEE LAPPHRA, KRISANA PENGSAA, SUTEE YOKSAN, ARUNEE SABCHAREON, AND JEAN LANG
Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France; Centre for Vaccine Development, Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University at Salaya, Nakhonpathom, Thailand

 

ABSTRACT

From 1992 to 1997, 140 Thai children 4–15 years of age received an investigational live attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine (LATDV). These children were contacted 3–8 years later in 2001 to assess humoral immunity and investigate whether they were subsequently at higher risk of developing severe dengue. One hundred thirteen were successfully contacted and participated in this retrospective cohort study with two age- and address-matched controls per vaccinee. The number of vaccinated subjects with neutralizing antibodies increased compared with 3–8 years earlier, which was probably due to subsequent wild-type dengue infections. There were no excess hospitalizations for clinically suspected dengue fever (DF) or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in vaccinees (one with DF and three with DHF) compared with controls (14 with DHF). Results suggest that preexisting dengue antibodies induced by LATDV do not enhance dengue illness, and the use of the vaccine in a dengue-endemic area is safe.

Received August 2, 2005. Accepted for publication March 23, 2006.

Acknowledgments: We thank Tanit Tapanasoot (Head of Plang-Yao Health Center) for help in the follow-up of vaccinated cases, N. Braham for help in the statistical analysis, and G. Marsh for his assistance in drafting the manuscript. We also thank all volunteers who participated in this study.

Financial support: This study was supported by a grant from Sanofi Pasteur.

* Address correspondence to Christine Luxemburger, Sanofi Pasteur, 2 Avenue Pont Pasteur, 69367 Lyon, France. E-mail: christine.luxemburger{at}sanofipasteur.com

Authors’ addresses: Pornthep Chanthavanich, Chukiat Sirivichayakul, Keswadee Lapphra, Krisana Pengsaa, and Arunee Sabchareon, Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchadewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Christine Luxemburger, Sanofi Pasteur, 2 Avenue Pont Pasteur, 69367 Lyon, France, Telephone: 33-4-3737-7612, E-mail: christine.luxemburger{at}sanofipasteur.com. Sutee Yoksan, Centre for Vaccine Development, Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, Mahidol University at Salaya, 25/25 Salaya, Phuttamonthon District, Nakhon Pathom Province 73170, Thailand. Jean Lang, Sanofi Pasteur, 1541 Avenue Marcel Mérieux, 69280 Marcy l’Etoile, France.




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Copyright © 2006 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.