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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 74(6), 2006, pp. 951-952
Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


LACK OF SEX EFFECT ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF PRIMAQUINE

NATHAN J. ELMES*, SONYA M. BENNETT, HANAN ABDALLA, TRACY L. CARTHEW, AND MICHAEL D. EDSTEIN
Australian Army Malaria Institute, Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

 

ABSTRACT

The pharmacokinetics of primaquine have been well defined in male volunteers, but there is little data on the disposition of the drug in women. We compared the kinetics of primaquine in nine male and nine female healthy Australian volunteers after the administration of a single oral dose (30 mg base) of primaquine. No statistical differences were observed in the following kinetic parameters of primaquine between men and women, respectively: maximum plasma concentration (93 ± 26 and 115 ± 38 ng/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI] of the mean difference: –55 to 10 ng/mL; P = 0.16), area under the curve (1.1 ± 0.5 and 1.2 ± 0.4 µg.h/mL; 95% CI: –0.6 to 0.3 µg.h/mL; P = 0.54), and clearance (0.34 ± 0.12 and 0.39 ± 0.14 L/h/kg; 95% CI: –0.17 to 0.08 L/h/kg; P = 0.46). The clinical relevance of such findings would suggest that sex does not have to be taken into account as a factor when prescribing primaquine for radical cure or terminal prophylaxis of Plasmodium vivax malaria.

Received July 13, 2005. Accepted for publication February 9, 2006.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank the volunteers for participating in this study. We are most grateful to Tom Travers for measuring the plasma primaquine concentrations. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Defence Health Service or any extant Australian Defence Force policy.

Financial support: The study described within was wholly conducted using the resources and personnel of the Australian Defence Force.

* Address correspondence to Nathan Elmes, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Enoggera, Queensland 4051, Australia. E-mail: Nathan.Elmes{at}defence.gov.au

Authors’ addresses: Nathan J. Elmes, Tracy L. Carthew, and Michael D. Edstein, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Weary Dunlop Drive, Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Brisbane, QLD 4051, Australia, E-mails: Nathan.Elmes{at}defence.gov.au, Tracey.Carthew{at}defence.gov.au, and Mike.Edstein{at}defence.gov.au. Sonya M. Bennett, Centre for Military and Veterans’ Health, Mayne Medical School, Herston Rd, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia, E-mail: sonya.bennett{at}uq.edu.au. Hanan Abdalla, Randwick Barracks, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia, E-mail: Hanan.Abdalla{at}defence.gov.au.






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