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DISSEMINATION OF SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROTYPE AGONA AND MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM IN CUBA

The molecular epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility, and mechanisms of resistance of 34 Salmonella spp. strains causing acute gastroenteritis, isolated from different provinces in Cuba, were determined. Sixty-four percent of the strains showed multiresistance. Salmonella typhimurium was the most frequent with 15 strains (44%), 13 of which belonged to phagotype 104 and presented similar genetic profiles of pulsed field gel electrophoresis. High levels of resistance to tetracycline (53%), spectinomycin (50%), ampicillin (44%), and chloramphenicol (41%) were found. Resistance to tetracycline was associated with the tet G and tet A genes. Resistance to ampicillin was caused by the presence of ß-lactamases, mainly the CARB type. The floR gene was the main mechanism of resistance to chloramphenicol. Our results showed an antimicrobial susceptible clone of Salmonella enterica serotype Agona in two separate regions. This is the first report of the widespread dissemination of a multiresistant clone of S. enterica serotype Typhimurium definitive phage type 104 in Cuba.

Received October 6, 2005. Accepted for publication December 1, 2005.

Financial support: This study was funded by grant FIS02/0353 from the Spanish Ministry of Health, by grant 2005 SGR 00444 from the Departament d’Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informació de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain. R. Cabrera has a fellowship from Fundación Carolina and BBVA, Spain, and J. Ruiz has a fellowship from RICET.

^* Address correspondence to Jordi Vila, Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: jvila{at}ub.edu

Authors’ addresses: Roberto Cabrera and Jordi Vila, Servicio de Microbiología, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, Barcelona, Spain; Joaquim Ruiz, Joaquim Gascón, and Pedro L. Alonso, Centro de Salud Internacional, Universidad de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Margarita Ramírez, Laura Bravo, and Anabel Fernández, Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí", Autopista Novia del Medio día, Km 6, CP 601, Marianao 13, Ciudad Habana, Cuba. Ana Aladueña and Aurora Echeíta, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.

Reprint requests: Jordi Vila, Servicio de Microbiología,, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: jvila{at}ub.edu.

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