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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 74(5), 2006, pp. 795-797
Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT


FIRST REPORT OF KNOCKDOWN MUTATIONS IN THE MALARIA VECTOR ANOPHELES GAMBIAE FROM CAMEROON

JOSIANE ETANG, ETIENNE FONDJO, FABRICE CHANDRE, ISABELLE MORLAIS, CECILE BRENGUES, PHILIPPE NWANE, MOUHAMADOU CHOUAIBOU, HAMADOU NDJEMAI, AND FRÉDÉRIC SIMARD*
Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, Yaounde, Cameroon; Institute of Medical Research and Studies of Medicinal Plants, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaounde, Cameroon; National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Health, Yaounde, Cameroon; Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Research Unit 016, Montpellier, France

 

ABSTRACT

We report the first finding of the knockdown Leu-Phe and Leu-Ser mutations associated with resistance to pyrethroids and DDT insecticides in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae from Cameroon. The Leu-Phe mutation was found in both the M and S molecular forms of An. gambiae. Importantly, two specimens of the S molecular form were found to carry both mutations in a heterozygous state.

Received December 13, 2005. Accepted for publication January 11, 2006.

Acknowledgments: We thank J.-C. Toto and S. Patchoké for technical assistance during mosquito collections and bioassays.

Financial support: This study was supported by the World Health Organization/Tropical Disease Research/Mulilateral Initiative on Malaria within the framework of the "Network for the Study of the Factors Conditioning Evolution of Pyrethroid Resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Africa" (PI: Professor M. Akogbeto), the "African Network on Vector Resistance to Insecticides" coordinated by the World Health Organization/Regional Office for Africa, and the Pal+ Program from the French Ministry of Research.

* Address correspondence to Frédéric Simard, Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, PO Box 288, Yaounde, Cameroon. E-mail: simard{at}ird.fr

Authors’ addresses: Josiane Etang, Isabelle Morlais, Philippe Nwane, Mouhamadou Chouaibou, and Frédéric Simard, Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, PO Box 288, Yaounde, Cameroon, Telephone: 237-223-2232, Fax: 237-223-0061, E-mail: simard{at}ird.fr. Etienne Fondjo and Hamadou Ndjemai, National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Health, PO Box 14306, Yaounde, Cameroon, Telephone: 237-222-3917, Fax: 237-222-3917. Fabrice Chandre, Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, 06 BP 2064, Cotonou, Benin, Telephone: 229-2133-0825, Fax: 229-2130-8860. Cecile Brengues, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Research Unit 016, Laboratoire de Lutte contre les Insectes Nuisibles, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34 394 Mont-pellier Cedex 5, France, Telephone: 33-4-67-04-19-24, Fax: 33-4-67-54-20-44.

Reprint requests: Frédéric Simard, Organisation de Coordination pour la Lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, PO Box 288, Yaounde, Cameroon, E-mail: simard{at}ird.fr.




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Copyright © 2006 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.