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MALARIA IN WANOKAKA AND LOLI SUB-DISTRICTS, WEST SUMBA DISTRICT, EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE, INDONESIA

Malaria has long been known as one of the major public health problems in West Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. To obtain baseline data for establishment of a suitable malaria control program in the area, malariometric surveys were conducted in two sub-districts, Wanokaka and Loli, during the periods of January, May, and August 2005. The survey included three selected villages in each sub-district, and blood smear analyses of 701, 921, and 894 randomly selected subjects in January, May, and August revealed 30.5%, 25.3%, and 28.2% malaria positives, respectively, consisting mainly of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, and in a few cases, P. malariae. Analysis of malaria prevalence at different age groups clearly reflected the common phenomenon that younger individuals are more vulnerable by infection of either P. falciparum or P. vivax. In falciparum malaria, the frequency of cases carrying gametocytes was also relatively high involving all age groups. The findings indicate that the malaria incidence and transmission in the area are relatively high and that further exploration is warranted to establish a precise malaria control program.

Received June 8, 2005. Accepted for publication January 6, 2006.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Prof. Sangkot Marzuki of the Eijkman Institute for encouragement and support, the officials of the West Sumba District Health offices for technical support of the study; and professional health officers at the Wanokaka and Loli Public Health Center for generous assistance.

Financial support: This study is part of the PRIOR program for malaria in Indonesia and funded in-part through a grant-in-aid from the Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research (NWO-WOTRO), the Netherlands Foundation for Health Research and Development (ZONMW), and the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Research and Technology.

^* Address correspondence to Din Syafruddin, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jalan Diponegoro 69, Jakarta, Indonesia. E-mail: din{at}eijkman.go.id

Authors’ addresses: D. Syafruddin, Puji B. S. Asih, Farah N. Coutrier, Leily Trianty, and Rintis Noviyanti, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jl. Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia, E-mails: din{at}eijkman.go.id, puji{at}eijkman.go.id, farah{at}eijkman.go.id, leily{at}eijkman, and rintis{at}eijkman.go.id. D. Syafruddin, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia. Yaveth Luase, Wajiyo Sumarto, and Marten Caley, West Sumba District Health Department, Waikabubak, West Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, E-mails: yavethl{at}yahoo.com, wajios{at}yahoo.com, and mcaley01{at}yahoo.com. Andre J.A.M. van der Ven and R. W. Sauerwein are at University Medical Centre, St Radboud 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, E-mails: A.vanderVen{at}AIG.umcn.nl and R.Sauerwein{at}mmb.umcn.nl.

Reprint requests: D. Syafruddin, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jalan Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. E-mail: din{at}eijkman.go.id.

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