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DETERMINANTS OF VECTOR SPECIFICITY OF O’NYONG NYONG AND CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUSES IN ANOPHELES AND AEDES MOSQUITOES

The alphaviruses o’nyong nyong virus (ONNV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) provide a unique system to study the viral genes involved in vector specificity. ONNV infects both anopheline and culicine mosquitoes, whereas CHIKV infects only culicine mosquitoes. In this study, chimeric viruses were constructed that contained genes from both ONNV and CHIKV. These chimeras and previously described full-length infectious clones of ONNV and CHIKV were evaluated in Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Virus derived from the infectious clones of ONNV and CHIKV retained the vector specificity of the parental viruses. All six of the chimeras were found to infect Ae. aegypti mosquitoes at high rates but only the chimera containing viral genes encoding all of the structural proteins of ONNV was able to infect An. gambiae mosquitoes. These data indicate that all of the viral structural proteins are necessary for ONNV to infect An. gambiae mosquitoes.

Received September 20, 2005. Accepted for publication November 19, 2005.

Acknowledgments: We thank Jing Haung for her expert technical assistance with this project, Dr. Robert Tesh for providing the CHIKV used in this study, and Dr. Ann Powers for some of the ideas used in this study.

Financial support: This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant AI47877 originally awarded to Dr. Ann Powers. Kate L. McElroy was supported by a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fellowship Training Program in Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases TOI/CCT622892.

^* Address correspondence to Dana L. Vanlandingham, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Keiler 2.104 L 20762, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0609. E-mail:dlvanlan{at}utmb.edu

Authors’ addresses: Dana L. Vanlandingham, Konstantin Tsetsarkin, Kimberly A. Klinger, Chao Hong, Kate L. McElroy, and Stephen Higgs, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Keiller 2.104 L 20762, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, Telephone: 409-747-2426, Fax: 409-772-2511, E-mail: dlvanlan{at}utmb.edu. Michael J. Lehane, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, United Kingdom, Telephone: 44-151-705- 3316 (Office), 44-151-705-3231 (Laboratory), Fax: 44-151-705-3369.

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