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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 74(3), 2006, pp. 487-494
Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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UNIQUE FAMILY CLUSTERING OF HUMAN ECHINOCOCCOSIS CASES IN A CHINESE COMMUNITY

YU RONG YANG, MAGDA ELLIS, TAO SUN, ZHENGZHI LI, XONGZHOU LIU, DOMINIQUE A. VUITTON, BRIGITTE BARTHOLOMOT, PATRICK GIRAUDOUX, PHILIP S. CRAIG, BELCHIS BOUFANA, YUNHAI WANG, XIAOHUI FENG, HAO WEN, AKIRA ITO, AND DONALD P. McMANUS*
Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China: Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Surgery Department of Xiji County Hospital, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China; World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, University of Franche-Comte and University Hospital, Besancon, France; Cestode Zoonoses Research Group, University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom; Department of Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Hospital, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China; Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan

We have identified a significant focus and unusual clustering of human cases of cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) in the village of Nanwan, Xiji County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, in one of the most highly endemic areas for both diseases in China. The village, a Chinese Hui Islamic community, is composed of 167 members of four extended families. A total of 28 people died (12 of echinococcosis) since the village was first settled in the 1950s. Despite similar life patterns, the number of AE and CE cases occurring in each family was different. Overall, the prevalences of AE and CE were 9% (20 cases) and 5.9% (13 cases), with a combined prevalence of 14.9%. In contrast to CE, a comparison of the prevalence of AE indicated significant differences between the four family clusters. Although suggestive that host genotype might play a role in susceptibility to AE, this hypothesis requires further investigation.

Received March 8, 2005. Accepted for publication July 9, 2005.

Acknowledgments: Some of the results of this paper were analyzed using the program package S.A.G.E., which is supported by a U.S. Public Health Service Resource Grant (RR 03655) from the National Center for Research Resources. We thank all staff at Ningxia Medical College who participated in the community surveys. We are grateful to Heather Matthews and Megan Campbell (Queensland Institute of Medical Research) for excellent technical assistance.

Financial support: This study was supported in part by Ningxia Medical College, the University of Queensland, and an National Institutes of Health/National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases Transech project on echinococcosis.

Disclaimer: None of the authors has any conflicts of interest.

* Address correspondence to Donald P. McManus, Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia, E-mail: donM{at}qimr.edu.au

Authors’ addresses: Yu Rong Yang, Magda Ellis, and Donald P. McManus, Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia. Tao Sun, Zhengzhi Li, and Xongzhou Liu, Ningxia Medical College, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, People’s Republic of China, Telephone: 86-951-4091488. Dominique A. Vuitton, Brigitte Bartholomot, and Patrick Giraudoux, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, University of Franche-Comte and University Hospital, Besancon, France. Philip S. Craig, Belchis Boufana, and Xiaohui Feng, Cestode Zoonoses Research Group, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, United Kingdom. Yunhai Wang and Hao Wen, Department of Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Hospital, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China. Akira Ito, Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan.

Reprint requests: Donald P. McManus, Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia, Telephone: 61-7-3362-0401. Fax: 61-7-3362-0104; E-mail: donM{at}qimr.edu.au.




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Copyright © 2006 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.