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ASSESSMENT OF TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING ACTIVITY OF CANDIDATE Pvs25 VACCINE USING GAMETOCYTES FROM CHIMPANZEES

Macaca mulatta monkeys were immunized with the candidate transmission-blocking vaccine against Plasmodium vivax, Pvs25, combined with alum or Montanide ISA 720. Efficacy was measured by combining post-immunization sera with gametocytes obtained from infections induced in chimpanzees using membrane-feeding techniques. The results indicate that immunization of M. mulatta monkeys with Pvs25 and Montanide ISA 720 was more effective than with alum in efficacy and resulted in the maintenance of a lasting transmission-blocking immunity to P. vivax. This was evident two weeks after the second immunization, and more strongly demonstrable 62 and 152 days after the second immunization. This transmission-blocking activity was strongly reinforced by a third immunization given 181 days after the primary immunization, as measured three weeks later by indirect membrane feeding. The use of gametocytes of P. vivax derived from infections induced in chimpanzees can contribute to the selection of appropriate constructs, formulations, and immunization regimens for the development of effective transmission-blocking vaccines.

Received July 8, 2005. Accepted for publication September 30, 2005.

Financial support: This work was supported in part by an interagency agreement between the United States Agency for International Development, Malaria Vaccine Development Program and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Project # 936-6001, and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation of the Veterans Affairs Medical Center of Atlanta.

^* Address correspondence to William E. Collins, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F-36, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341. E-mail: wec1{at}cdc.gov

Authors’ addresses: William E. Collins, John W. Barnwell, JoAnn S. Sullivan, Douglas Nace, and Jacquelin Roberts, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop F-36, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341, E-mail: wec1{at}cdc.gov. Tyrone Williams and Amy Bounngaseng, Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, VA Medical Center of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30033. Elizabeth Strobert and Harold McClure, Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30322. Allan Saul and Carole A. Long, Malaria Vaccine Development Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852.