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What is currently known about the ecology of North American hantaviruses has come largely from studies on Sin Nombre virus (SNV). We conducted a longitudinal study of Bayou virus (BAYV), the second-leading agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the United States. Antibodies to hantavirus were detected from Oryzomys palustris (most commonly infected species), Sigmodon hispidus, Peromyscus leucopus, Reithrodontomys fulvescens, and Baiomys taylori. However, only O. palustris had viral RNA in tissues and excreta, suggesting that antibodies detected in other species may have resulted from spill-over infection. Seroprevalence rates averaged around 16% for O. palustris and varied seasonally. The heaviest males exhibited the highest levels of seroprevalence. Seroprevalence was higher in coastal prairie (20.0%) than old-fields (10.5%) and was associated with host abundance. These patterns are similar to those of SNV and can be used in identification of potentially at-risk areas.
Received April 12, 2005. Accepted for publication June 13, 2005.
Acknowledgments: This research was funded by an Advanced Research Program grant from the state of Texas to Marilyn A. Houck (retired) and Nancy E. McIntyre. We are grateful to the Texas Parks and Wildlife personnel at the Peach Point Wildlife Management Area (especially Marc Ealy, Todd Merendino, and Jesse Oetgen) for their assistance. The authors thank Joe Carmichael, Amanda Nix, Robert Owen-Miller, Jodi Pavolini, Marshall Thomas, Jay Vacca, Rachel Walker, and George Wang for field and laboratory assistance. The protocols in this study were approved by the Texas Tech University Animal Care and Use Committee (permit 03049-08). Comments from two reviewers improved the manuscript.
* Address correspondence to Nancy E. McIntyre, Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131. E-mail: nancy.mcintyre{at}ttu.edu
Authors’ addresses: Nancy E. McIntyre, Robert D. Owen, Alisa Abuzeineh, Noe de la Sancha, Carl W. Dick, and Tyla Holsomback, Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131, Telephone 806-742-4113, E-mail: nancy.mcintyre{at}ttu.edu. Yong-Kyu Chu and Colleen Jonsson, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001; current address: Southern Research Institute, 2000 Ninth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35255-5305. Richard A. Nisbett, Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1012; current address: Department of Anthropology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005.
Reprint requests: Nancy E. McIntyre, Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-3131, Telephone: 806-742-4113, E-mail: nancy.mcintyre{at}ttu.edu.
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