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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 73(3), 2005, pp. 566-570
Copyright © 2005 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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AN OUTBREAK OF CHANDIPURA VIRUS ENCEPHALITIS IN THE EASTERN DISTRICTS OF GUJARAT STATE, INDIA

MANDEEP S. CHADHA*, VIDYA A. ARANKALLE, RAMESH S. JADI, MANOHAR V. JOSHI, JYOTSNA P. THAKARE, P. V. M. MAHADEV, AND A. C. MISHRA
National Institute of Virology 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India

An outbreak of encephalitis with a case fatality rate of 78.3% was investigated among children in Gujarat State, India. Twenty-six cases were reported. Three patients had IgM antibodies to Chandipura virus. Virus was isolated from one patient with rhabdomyosarcoma in porcine stable cell lines and in suckling mice. Chandipura virus RNA was present in 9 of 20 acute-phase serum samples, and virus sequences from the present outbreak were closely related to prototype strain (1965) and Andhra Pradesh, India (2003) isolates. Serologic and molecular assays documented the absence of Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, dengue virus, and paramyxoviruses in clinical samples. The etiologic agent was Chandipura virus, which has become an important encephalitis-causing virus in India.

Received February 11, 2005. Accepted for publication May 7, 2005.

Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. K. B. Patel (District Health Officer in Vadodra) for cooperation during the field studies, Dr. M. Gokhle for help with the entomologic studies, and S. S. Ranawade and B. N. Tilekar for technical assistance.

Financial support: This work was financially supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research. The American Committee on Clinical Tropical Medicine and Travelers’ Health assisted with publication expenses.

* Address correspondence to Mandeep S. Chadha, National Institute of Virology 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001 Maharashtra, India. E-mail: mscniv{at}hotmail.com

Authors’ address: Mandeep S. Chadha, Vidya A. Arankalle, Ramesh S. Jadi, Manohar V. Joshi, Jyotsna P. Thakare, P. V. M. Mahadev, and A. C. Mishra, National Institute of Virology 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, 411001 Maharashtra, India, Telephone: 91-020-2612-7301, Fax: 91-020-2612-2669, E-mail: mscniv{at}hotmail.com.




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