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The purpose of this study was to determine whether HIV-1 infected patients in our community were more susceptible to Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar infection than non-HIV-infected individuals. The prevalence and frequency of invasive amebiasis was determined in 203 HIV+/AIDS subjects and 140 close relatives or sexual partners, all of whom were HIV–. Anti–E. histolytica antibodies (IgG, IgA) were assessed as indicators of E. histolytica invasive infection. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the characterization of the Entamoeba species. The prevalence estimated with PCR data showed that E. histolytica infection was more common in the HIV+/AIDS group (25.32%), than in HIV– contacts (18.46%). E. histolytica + E. dispar infection was more frequent in HIV+/AIDS patients (13.3%), than in HIV– contacts (0.7%). E. histolytica and/or E. dispar infection was highly prevalent in HIV+/AIDS patients (34.1%) without evidence of recent or current invasive disease. Contacts of HIV+/AIDS patients who were infected with E. histolytica were asymptomatic cyst passers. Our results suggest that E. histolytica strains prevalent in the studied community appear to be of low pathogenic potential.
Received October 14, 2003. Accepted for publication February 8, 2005.
Acknowledgments: The authors would like to especially thank Mrs. María Elena Ortiz and Mr. Marco Gudiño for their secretarial and computer assistance. We would also like to thank María del Carmen García de León and José J. Castillo for their technical assistance. This work includes a part of the doctoral dissertation in Biological Sciences, UAM-X/I, by Miss Patricia Morán.
Financial support: This work was supported by DGAPA IN219599, DGAPA IN234202-2, and 2001 UC MEXUS-CONACYT collaborative grant.
* Address correspondence to Dr. Cecilia Ximénez, Depto. De Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Col. Doctores, C.P. 06726, México. E-mail: cximenez{at}servidor.unam.mx
Authors’ addresses: Patricia Morán, Fernando Ramos, Alicia Valadez, Emma I. Melendro, Enrique González, and Cecilia Ximénez, Depto. de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Col. Doctores, C.P. 06726, México D.F., México. Alejandro Gómez, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, IMSS, Centro Médico Siglo XXI, Ave. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, C.P. 03020, México D.F., México. Octavio Curiel, Hospital Regional 1ero. de Octubre ISSSTE, Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 1669, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, C.P. 07300, México D.F., México.
Reprint requests: Dr. Cecilia Ximénez, Depto. de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Dr. Balmis 148, Col. Doctores, C.P. 06726, México D.F., México. Telephone: +5255-56-23-26-66, Fax: +5255-56-23-26-79, E-mail: cximenez{at}servidor.unam.mx.
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